Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics
Which fundamental property of light is most clearly demonstrated by both double-slit interference and diffraction gratings?
Light's particle nature.
Light's wave nature.
Light's ability to travel in a vacuum.
Light's constant speed.
What phenomenon occurs when monochromatic light is incident on two closely spaced slits?
Refraction only.
Diffraction only.
Both diffraction and interference.
Reflection only.
In a double-slit experiment, what is the path length difference () between the light waves from the two slits at a point on the screen, given the slit separation and the angle to that point?
In a double-slit experiment, the intensity of the bright fringes decreases as you move away from the central maximum. What phenomenon causes this decrease in intensity?
The increasing path length difference.
The single-slit diffraction envelope.
The decreasing wavelength of light.
The increasing coherence of light.
In a double-slit experiment, the distance to the m-th order maximum () is given by which formula, assuming small angles?
What key evidence did Young's double-slit experiment provide regarding the nature of light?
Light is composed of particles.
Light exhibits wave-like behavior.
Light travels in straight lines.
Light can be polarized.
What is a diffraction grating?
A single narrow slit.
Two closely spaced slits.
Many evenly spaced parallel slits or openings.
A prism that separates light into its colors.

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Which of the following is a practical application of diffraction gratings?
Measuring the speed of light.
Separating light into its component wavelengths for analysis in spectrometers.
Magnifying small objects in microscopes.
Generating X-rays in medical imaging.
When white light passes through a diffraction grating, what is observed at the central maximum?
A spectrum of colors.
A bright white light.
A dark fringe.
Only red light.
When white light is shone through a diffraction grating, which color of light appears farthest from the central maximum?
Violet light.
Green light.
Red light.
Blue light.