All Flashcards
What is a fluid?
A substance that can flow and conform to the shape of its container; includes liquids and gases.
Define a 'Fluid System'.
Any system involving the flow of a fluid (gas or liquid).
What is 'Density'?
Mass per unit volume, often denoted by the symbol .
Define an 'Open System' in fluid mechanics.
A system where fluid can flow in and out.
Define a 'Closed System' in fluid mechanics.
A system where fluid cannot flow in or out.
What is 'Viscosity'?
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
What happens when the pressure on a balloon decreases?
The volume of the balloon increases (Boyle's Law).
What is the effect of increased density on buoyant force?
Increased density results in a greater buoyant force, assuming volume and gravitational acceleration remain constant ().
What happens when the buoyant force on an object is greater than its weight?
The object rises.
What is the effect of increased temperature on the viscosity of a liquid?
Generally, increased temperature decreases the viscosity of a liquid.
What is the effect of increased temperature on the viscosity of a gas?
Generally, increased temperature increases the viscosity of a gas.
What are the key differences between liquids and gases?
Liquids: Relatively incompressible, have a definite volume. | Gases: Compressible, no definite volume.
Differentiate between an 'Object' and a 'System' in the context of fluid mechanics.
Object: A single physical entity or a group of components combined in a specific way. | System: A group of objects that interact with each other and their environment.
Compare Open and Closed Fluid Systems.
Open System: Allows fluid to flow in and out, mass is not conserved within the defined boundaries. | Closed System: Does not allow fluid to flow in or out, mass is conserved within the defined boundaries.
Compare fresh water and salt water.
Fresh water: Lower density. | Salt water: Higher density due to dissolved salt.