All Flashcards
What is Electric Charge (q)?
A fundamental property of matter, measured in Coulombs (C). It can be positive or negative.
What is Resistance (R)?
How much a material opposes the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).
What is Resistivity (ρ)?
An inherent property of a material that determines its resistance, measured in ohm-meters (Ω⋅m). It depends on temperature.
What is Capacitance (C)?
A measure of a material's ability to store electric charge, measured in farads (F).
State Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL).
The sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit is zero.
State Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL).
The total current flowing into a junction equals the total current flowing out of the junction.
What happens when the length of a wire increases?
Resistance increases.
What happens when the cross-sectional area of a wire increases?
Resistance decreases.
What happens when the distance between capacitor plates is doubled?
Capacitance is halved.
What happens when like charges are brought near each other?
They repel.
What happens when opposite charges are brought near each other?
They attract.
What is the difference between resistance and capacitance?
Resistance opposes current flow; capacitance stores charge.
Compare and contrast Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL).
KVL: Conservation of energy in a loop. KCL: Conservation of charge at a junction.