All Flashcards
Define magnetic domains.
Regions within a material where atomic magnetic moments are aligned, creating a small area of uniform magnetization.
What are magnetic field lines?
Visual representations of a magnetic field, indicating the direction a north pole would move; density indicates field strength.
Define magnetic dipole.
A pair of equal and opposite magnetic poles separated by a distance, behaving like tiny magnets.
What is the SI unit for magnetic field strength (B)?
Tesla (T). 1 T = Ns/Cm
Define electromagnet.
A wire carrying an electric current that produces a magnetic field around it.
What is ?
Permeability of free space, a constant that relates the magnetic field to the current producing it.
What is the effect of moving a charged particle through a magnetic field?
The charged particle experiences a magnetic force, causing it to curve (if velocity and magnetic field are not parallel).
What causes auroras near Earth's poles?
Charged particles from space spiral along Earth's magnetic field lines, colliding with atmospheric gases and emitting light.
What is the effect of aligning magnetic domains in a material?
The material becomes magnetized.
What happens to the magnetic force if a charged particle moves parallel to the magnetic field?
The magnetic force is zero.
What happens to the magnetic field strength as the distance from a current-carrying wire increases?
The magnetic field strength decreases.
Compare and contrast the Right-Hand Rule (RHR) and Right-Hand Curl Rule (RHCR).
RHR: Thumb = velocity, fingers = B field, palm = force (on moving charge). RHCR: Thumb = current, fingers = B field (around a wire).