Fluids
To refine an experiment that determines buoyant force by measuring fluid displacement, what change could minimize errors due to fluid sticking to the submerged object as it's removed?
Decrease object's surface area while keeping volume constant.
Coat the object with a hydrophobic substance to reduce adhesion of fluid molecules.
Use a denser fluid for greater contrast in displacement readings.
Increase object's submersion time before removal.
What measures should be taken to ensure that a piece of floating iceberg has minimal environmental impact on marine life below?
Minimize surface area boundaries between iceberg and water space below, avoiding large shadows or physical blockages.
Increase height of iceberg above water surface to maximize shadow cover, which could potentially alter temperatures beneath.
Creation of artificial channels within the structure of the iceberg to permit light and nutrients passing through more freely.
Maximize contact points with water to increase ecosystem interaction.
How might altering Planck's constant affect quantum mechanical calculations related to predicting pressure exerted by fluids at nanoscale depths?
Planck’s constant variations alter gravitational pull at nanoscales thereby impacting calculated pressures indirectly through weight changes.
Altering Planck's constant affects only electromagnetic phenomena and leaves atomic-scale fluid dynamics unchanged.
Pressure predictions at nanoscale depths could become inaccurate due to changes in energy levels within atoms affecting molecular interactions and densities.
Changing Planck’s constant won’t impact macroscopic properties like pressure since quantum mechanical effects are negligible at larger scales.
If sound speed is universally halved while maintaining current temperature conditions globally across oceans' waters, what is likely to happen with sonar readings used for measuring ocean depth?
Oceanic measurements via sonar become impossible owing misunderstood signal interpretation linked directly new acoustic properties.
Depth measurements shorten significantly given altered impedance-matching between transducers sea medium caused slower acoustics.
Readings will remain unchanged as sound speed alterations don't influence emitted or received frequencies during sonar operations.
Sonar readings measuring depth will show double actual distances due to halved propagation speed causing longer return times for echoes.
How does increasing the salinity (saltiness) of water affect an object’s ability to float?
It worsens flotation.
Only affects floating at great depths.
It has no effect.
It improves flotation.
According to Archimedes' principle, what does the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid equal?
The weight of the object.
The weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
The density of the fluid times gravity times depth submerged.
The volume of the fluid displaced by the object.
Which principle explains why ships made of steel can float on water?
Bernoulli’s principle.
Archimedes’ principle.
Newton's third law of motion.
Pascal's law.

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If the gravitational acceleration on Earth increased, how would the buoyant force experienced by an object fully submerged in water change?
It would not change because the buoyant force depends only on the volume of fluid displaced and not on gravity.
It remains constant initially but decreases over time as objects eventually sink due to increased weight.
It would increase because objects weigh more, and hence displace more water.
It would decrease because higher gravity compresses the water, reducing its volume displacement.
What happens to the buoyant force on an object if it is taken from saltwater and placed into freshwater without changing its volume?
The object sinks immediately no matter what its density is.
The buoyant force stays the same.
The buoyant force increases.
The buoyant force decreases.
What happens to the overall buoyant force acting upon a given submerged object if placed deeper within a stationary fluid with uniform density?
There is no change in the buoyant force.
The buoyant force decreases.
The submerged object experiences a zero net buoyant force.
The buoyant force increases.