Fluids
In discussions about fluid flow and conservation energy, which unit measures volume?
Tesla (T)
Meter (m)
Gram (g)
Liter (L)
What happens to the entropy of a system when it undergoes an isothermal expansion against a vacuum?
The entropy of the system decreases.
The entropy of the system increases.
Not enough information provided to determine the change in entropy.
The entropy of the system remains constant.
Which unit is used to express energy, an important quantity when dealing with conservation of energy in fluids?
Coulomb (C)
Joule (J)
Hertz (Hz)
Pascal (Pa)
What is the SI unit for measuring pressure in fluids?
Watt (W).
Pascal (Pa).
Joule (J).
Newton (N).
When calculating fluid flow, what is the basic SI unit for mass?
Mole (mol)
Ampere (A)
Liter (L)
Kilogram (kg)
What happens to thermal energy when an ideal gas expands adiabatically and reversibly against an external pressure?
Thermal energy first decreases then increases due to external work followed by internal readjustments within gas molecules.
Thermal energy increases since expanding gas performs work on its environment causing a temperature rise.
There is no change in thermal energy because internal energy remains constant during adiabatic processes.
Thermal energy decreases as work is done by gas on surroundings without heat exchange.
A ball descends through viscous liquid inside a cylinder; given gravity's role, what term best describes the change in kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy increases due to gravitational potential converting into motion energy.
Kinetic energy decreases owing to air resistance against backward motion.
These remain constant as buoyancy counteracts gravity's pull.
Kinetic energy fluctuates owing to terminal velocity achieved at different depths.

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In an adiabatic process where no heat exchange occurs between an enclosed gas and its surroundings resulting from rapid compression or expansion, which best describes how applying Bernoulli’s Principle can lead to incorrect predictions about system behavior?
Bernoulli's principle assumes steady non-viscous flow without frictional losses making perfect matches impossible in dynamic real-world scenarios like those involving rapidly-changing gas volumes temperatures.
Since Bernoulli's Principle applies only to liquids and not gases, any attempt to apply it within gaseous adiabatic processes would naturally yield erroneous results due lack applicability scope overlap.
Adiabatic processes have no impact on application viability since Bernoulli’s equation inherently accounts for all forms of internal gas work done against compressive forces.
Temperature changes caused by adiabatic processes violate Bernoulli’s assumption of constant temperature flows leading to miscalculations using standard equations.
If Bernoulli's equation applied along a streamline from point A at surface level inside a water tank to point B inside an attached descending narrow tube with faster flowing water shows equal pressure at both points, what must be true about their respective heights?
Heights cannot determine pressure differences alone as dynamic pressures also depend on varying cross-sectional areas along streamlines.
Point A and B must be at equal heights as equal pressures imply no change in gravitational potential energy along that streamline.
Point B must be lower than point A as continuity equation dictates that pressure decreases where flow speed increases within a streamline.
Point B must be higher than point A accounting for increased kinetic energy offsetting potential energy difference.
In what way has the miniaturization of sensors advanced our understanding of energy conservation within biological systems' cardiovascular mechanics?
Miniature sensors provided limited new insights as they duplicated data obtainable through existing medical imaging techniques.
The smaller size reduced sensor accuracy, providing less reliable data on cardiovascular flows than before.
Sensor miniaturization complicated data collection by requiring more invasive procedures for accurate measurements.
Miniaturized sensors allow real-time monitoring inside living organisms, enhancing our understanding of hemodynamics.