Geometric and Physical Optics
If a plane electromagnetic wave is traveling in a vacuum and then enters a medium with a higher refractive index, what happens to the speed of the wave within that medium?
The speed remains unchanged.
The speed decreases.
The wave immediately reflects back into the vacuum.
The speed increases.
What effect does adding more capacitors in parallel have on the total capacitance of an electrical circuit?
The total capacitance decreases.
The total capacitance increases.
The total capacitance stays the same.
The total capacitance increases but less than proportionally.
If a beam of light exhibits diffraction as it passes through a narrow slit, what characteristic of light does this phenomenon primarily demonstrate?
Electric charge interaction
Magnetic properties
Particle-like behavior
Wave-like behavior
In a series RLC circuit at resonance, what happens to the impedance as compared with just having a resistor alone?
It decreases below that of just having a resistor alone.
It becomes zero despite having a resistor present.
It increases above that of just having a resistor alone.
It equals that of just having a resistor alone.
Which type of electromagnetic wave is the most energetic?
Ultraviolet rays
Infrared rays
Gamma rays
Microwaves
What does a higher frequency of an electromagnetic wave imply about its energy?
Higher energy
The same energy
Lower energy
No relation to energy
What is the SI unit of frequency for electromagnetic waves?
Newton (N)
Ampere (A)
Joule (J)
Hertz (Hz)

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If two different transparent materials have indices of refraction and for blue light and , which material would cause blue light to deviate more from its original path when entering at an angle?
Insufficient information given about the materials' thicknesses.
Both materials cause equal deviation for blue light.
Material with index of refraction
Material with index of refraction
Why does the diffraction pattern produced by a laser beam shining through a small aperture exhibit a bright central maximum surrounded by dark fringes?
The principle of superposition suggests that the single-wavelength nature of lasers prevents dispersion, hence the uniform illumination seen across the entire projected area.
Refraction index changes when transitioning from free space to a material containing an aperture, which leads to focusing effects and a spotlight-like feature observed.
The Beugungseffekt, a German term for diffraction, denotes solely random scattering phenomena and cannot explain the precise geometrical patterns mentioned in the explanation.
Huygens'-Fresnel principle explains that constructive interference occurs at the center, producing maximal brightness, while destructive interference occurs in the surrounding areas, forming minima darkness.
When monochromatic light is used to illuminate two closely spaced slits, leading to an interference pattern on a screen, how does this pattern demonstrate one aspect of light's nature?
It shows the photoelectric effect indicating particle properties.
It illustrates polarization relatedness with transverse waves only.
It indicates that photons have mass influencing gravitational pull.
It shows light’s wave-like interference.