Geometric and Physical Optics
Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength and therefore refracts the most when passing through a prism?
Green
Red
Yellow
Violet
Which phenomenon can be used to explain why a person's voice sounds different when speaking in a room with hard surfaces compared to one with soft furnishings?
Diffraction
Reflection
Absorption
Refraction
Upon which factor does the angle of reflection depend when light bounces off a mirror?
The angle of incidence
The color of light
The temperature of the mirror
The material behind the mirror
Which setup alteration would most severely test and potentially invalidate Snell's Law when analyzing light traveling from air into water?
Changing the polarization direction of incident light at a fixed temperature and angle.
Utilizing monochromatic light at different temperatures while keeping incident angles constant.
Using polychromatic light with an array of incident angles under controlled temperatures.
Alternating between coherent and incoherent light sources with identical wavelengths and incidences.
In the context of measuring the critical angle for total internal reflection, how has the adoption of high-precision angle meters affected laboratory experiments?
The overall cost for setups increased dramatically without substantial gains in results quality.
Difficulties arisen due to the need for complex calibrations prior to each usage.
It has enabled more accurate determinations of critical angles, leading to improved understanding of optical properties.
There was little effect because basic protractors suffice for such simple measurements.
If a physics lab updated its equipment from using standard incandescent bulbs to LED lights when demonstrating Snell's law experiments, what would be a likely outcome?
Minimal change as both types of lighting would produce equivalent qualitative results under proper conditions.
An inability to produce results comparable with historical data due to differences in bulb spectrum profiles.
Increased accuracy due to LEDs emitting more consistent light wavelengths.
The decrease in measurable data quality caused by excessive brightness interfering with sensors.
What happens to the speed of light as it passes from air into water?
The speed increases.
The speed remains constant.
The speed becomes zero.
The speed decreases.

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What type of image is formed by a plane mirror?
Real and upright.
Virtual and inverted.
Real and inverted.
Virtual and upright.
What factor determines whether an incident wave will be predominantly refracted or reflected at a boundary between two media?
Degree of fluctuation
Material properties
Angle of incidence
Surface texture
In determining how varying degrees of roughness on a transparent material affect its ability to transmit vs absorb light, which approach presents the greatest challenge to isolate only absorption effects?
Measuring both transmitted AND reflected intensities without accounting for scattering effects.
Keeping incidence angles constant but altering wavelengths for each degree of roughness tested.
Varying illumination conditions such as distance from source and beam diameter per sample set.
Comparing transmitted intensity across samples while maintaining identical refractive indices.