All Flashcards

What is the effect of enclosing more charge within a Gaussian surface?

The electric flux through the surface increases.

What is the effect if the net charge inside a closed surface is zero?

The net electric flux through the surface is zero.

What happens when a charge is placed inside a conductor?

The electric field inside the conductor becomes zero due to charge redistribution.

What happens to the electric field as distance increases from a uniformly charged sphere?

The electric field decreases proportionally to the square of the distance.

What happens when the charge density increases within a given volume?

The electric field and electric flux increase within that volume.

What happens when field lines enter a closed surface?

The electric flux is negative.

Difference between uniform and non-uniform charge density?

Uniform: Charge evenly distributed. | Non-uniform: Charge density varies with position.

Difference between flux entering and exiting a closed surface?

Entering: Negative flux. | Exiting: Positive flux.

Differences between conductors and insulators regarding electric fields?

Conductors: Electric field inside is zero. | Insulators: Electric field can exist inside.

Differences between electric flux and electric field?

Electric flux: Measure of field lines through an area. | Electric field: Force per unit charge at a point.

Differences between using Gauss's Law with spherical vs. cylindrical symmetry?

Spherical: Use spherical Gaussian surface, $A = 4\pi r^2$ . | Cylindrical: Use cylindrical Gaussian surface, $A = 2\pi r L$ .

Steps to apply Gauss's Law?

Choose a Gaussian surface. 2. Calculate the electric flux through the surface. 3. Determine the enclosed charge. 4. Apply Gauss's Law to solve for the electric field.

How to find electric field with spherical symmetry?

Choose a spherical Gaussian surface. 2. Calculate flux: $\Phi = E(4\pi r^2)$ . 3. Find enclosed charge. 4. Apply Gauss's Law: $E = \frac{Q_{enc}}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2}$ .

Steps to calculate electric flux?

Define the area vector. 2. Determine the electric field vector. 3. Calculate the dot product: $\Phi = \vec{E} \cdot \vec{A} = EA \cos(\theta)$ .

How to calculate enclosed charge with non-uniform density?

Define the volume element $dV$ . 2. Express charge density as function of position $\rho(r)$ . 3. Integrate: $q_{enc} = \int \rho(r) dV$ .

Steps to find electric potential from electric field?

Define the path of integration. 2. Calculate the line integral: $V(r) = - \int_{\infty}^{r} \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{r}$ .

How to determine if net flux is zero?

Count electric field lines entering. 2. Count electric field lines exiting. 3. If entering = exiting, net flux = 0.