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How do you calculate resistance (R) given resistivity (ρ), length (L), and cross-sectional area (A)?

Use the formula: R=ρLAR = \rho \frac{L}{A}

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How do you calculate resistance (R) given resistivity (ρ), length (L), and cross-sectional area (A)?

Use the formula: R=ρLAR = \rho \frac{L}{A}

How do you calculate electric power (P) using current (I) and voltage (V)?

Use the formula: P=IVP = IV. You can also use P=I2R=V2RP = I^2R = \frac{V^2}{R} if resistance is known.

Describe the steps to find the equivalent resistance of resistors in series.

Add the individual resistances: Req=R1+R2+R3+...R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + ...

Describe the steps to find the equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel.

  1. Find the reciprocal of each resistance. 2. Add the reciprocals. 3. Take the reciprocal of the sum: 1Req=1R1+1R2+1R3+...\frac{1}{R_{eq}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3} + ...

What is Ohm's Law and how can it be applied?

Ohm's Law relates voltage, current, and resistance: V=IRV = IR. It can be rearranged to find any of the three variables if the other two are known: I=VRI = \frac{V}{R} or R=VIR = \frac{V}{I}

How do you calculate the equivalent resistance of resistors in series?

Add the individual resistances: R_eq = R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + ...

How do you calculate the equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel?

Use the reciprocal formula: 1/R_eq = 1/R_1 + 1/R_2 + 1/R_3 + ...

How do you calculate electric power using current and voltage?

Multiply the current by the voltage: P = IV.

How do you calculate electric power using current and resistance?

Multiply the square of the current by the resistance: P = I^2 * R.

How do you calculate electric power using voltage and resistance?

Divide the square of the voltage by the resistance: P = V^2 / R.

Define electric current (I).

The rate of charge flow, measured in Amperes (A). I = dQ/dt

Define drift velocity (v_d).

The average velocity of charge carriers (e.g., electrons) due to an electric field.

Define current density (J).

A vector quantity that relates current to the electric field and material properties. J = I/A = σE

Define resistance (R).

The opposition to current flow in a circuit, measured in Ohms (Ω).

Define resistivity (ρ).

A material property that describes how much it resists current flow.

Define electric power (P).

The rate at which electrical energy is used, measured in Watts (W). P = IV