All Flashcards
Define magnetic force (F).
The force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic field, measured in Newtons (N).
What is magnetic field strength (B)?
A measure of the intensity of a magnetic field, measured in Tesla (T).
What is the permeability of free space ()?
A physical constant representing the ability of a vacuum to support the formation of a magnetic field. T⋅m/A.
Define Ampère's Law.
The line integral of the magnetic field around a closed loop is proportional to the current enclosed by the loop.
Define Biot-Savart Law.
Law that calculates the magnetic field created by a small segment of current-carrying wire.
Define Cyclotron motion.
The circular motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field.
What is the effect of breaking a bar magnet?
You get two smaller bar magnets, each with its own north and south pole.
What happens when a compass is placed in a magnetic field?
The compass needle (a tiny dipole) aligns itself with the external magnetic field.
What is the effect of increasing the density of magnetic field lines?
The strength of the magnetic field increases.
What causes magnetic dipoles to arise?
The circular or rotational motion of electric charges (electrons).
What happens when like poles of magnets are brought near each other?
They repel each other.
What happens when opposite poles of magnets are brought near each other?
They attract each other.
Difference between Biot-Savart Law and Ampère’s Law?
Biot-Savart: Calculates magnetic field from a small current segment, useful for complex geometries. | Ampère’s Law: Relates magnetic field around a closed loop to the enclosed current, useful for symmetrical situations.
Compare the force on a moving charge vs. a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.
Moving Charge: Force is on a single charge, F = q(v x B). | Current-Carrying Wire: Force is on the entire wire, F = ILBsinθ.