All Flashcards
Compare ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
Ferromagnetic: Can be permanently magnetized, strong interaction. Paramagnetic: Weakly attracted, temporary alignment.
Compare paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials.
Paramagnetic: Weakly attracted, dipoles align with field. Diamagnetic: Weakly repelled, dipoles align opposite to field.
Compare ferromagnetic and diamagnetic materials.
Ferromagnetic: Can be permanently magnetized, strong interaction. Diamagnetic: Weakly repelled, dipoles align opposite to field.
What are the similarities between paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials?
Both are weakly magnetic. Both do not retain magnetism when the external field is removed.
What are the differences between magnetic monopoles and dipoles?
Monopoles: Theoretical, single pole. Dipoles: Always have north and south poles, fundamental.
What is the effect of a charged particle moving perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field?
The particle undergoes cyclotron motion, moving in a circular path.
What happens to the magnetic field strength as you move further away from a long, straight current-carrying wire?
The magnetic field strength decreases.
What happens when the angle between a current-carrying wire and a magnetic field is 90 degrees?
The force on the wire is maximized.
Define magnetic field.
A vector field that exerts a force on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
What is a magnetic dipole?
A fundamental source of magnetic fields, analogous to a tiny bar magnet with a north and south pole.
Define magnetic permeability.
A measure of how much a material can be magnetized in response to an external magnetic field.
What is vacuum permeability ()?
A constant that represents the baseline for how easily a magnetic field can form in a vacuum.
Define ferromagnetic material.
Materials (like iron, nickel, cobalt) that can be permanently magnetized due to aligned magnetic domains.
Define paramagnetic material.
Materials (like aluminum, titanium, magnesium) weakly attracted to magnetic fields; dipoles align temporarily.
Define diamagnetic material.
Materials (all materials) weakly repelled by magnetic fields due to slight alignment of electron dipole moments opposite to the external field.