All Flashcards
What is the effect of rubbing a balloon on hair?
Electrons are transferred from the hair to the balloon (or vice versa), charging the balloon and hair oppositely.
What is the effect of bringing a charged rod near a neutral piece of paper?
Polarization occurs in the paper, with the side closest to the rod becoming oppositely charged, leading to attraction.
What is the effect of grounding a positively charged metal sphere?
Electrons flow from the ground to the sphere, neutralizing the sphere.
What is the effect of bringing a positively charged rod near a neutral metal sphere without touching it, then grounding the sphere while the rod is near?
Electrons flow from the ground to the sphere, and when the ground is removed, the sphere is left with a net negative charge.
What happens when a system is isolated and no charge is transferred to or from it?
The net charge of the system remains constant.
What are the steps involved in charging an object by friction?
- Rub two neutral objects together. 2. Electrons transfer from one object to the other. 3. One object becomes positively charged, and the other becomes negatively charged.
What are the steps involved in charging an object by contact (conduction)?
- Bring a charged object into contact with a neutral object. 2. Charge is transferred between the objects. 3. The objects end up with the same type of charge.
What are the steps involved in charging a neutral metal sphere negatively by induction using a positively charged rod?
- Bring the positively charged rod near the sphere (polarization). 2. Ground the sphere, allowing electrons to flow from the ground to the sphere. 3. Remove the ground connection. 4. Remove the rod; the sphere is now negatively charged.
Describe the process of charge redistribution when a positively charged rod is brought near a neutral metal sphere.
- The positively charged rod is brought near the neutral sphere. 2. Electrons in the sphere migrate towards the rod. 3. The side of the sphere near the rod becomes negatively charged, and the opposite side becomes positively charged.
What are the steps involved in grounding a positively charged metal sphere?
- Connect the positively charged sphere to the ground. 2. Electrons flow from the Earth to the sphere. 3. The sphere becomes neutralized.
What are the key differences between charging by contact and charging by induction?
Contact: Direct transfer of charge, object acquires the same charge as the charging object. | Induction: Charge redistribution, object acquires the opposite charge as the charging object, requires grounding.
Compare and contrast the movement of electrons when grounding a positively charged object versus a negatively charged object.
Positively charged object: Electrons flow from the ground to the object, neutralizing it. | Negatively charged object: Electrons flow from the object to the ground, neutralizing it.
Differentiate between charge conservation and charge quantization.
Charge Conservation: The total charge in an isolated system remains constant. | Charge Quantization: Charge exists in discrete units, multiples of the elementary charge.
What is the difference between charging by friction and polarization?
Friction: Involves the transfer of electrons between two objects in contact, resulting in a net charge on both objects. | Polarization: Involves the redistribution of charges within an object without a net charge change.
Compare the final charge of an object charged by contact versus by induction.
Contact: The object will have the same type of charge as the charging object. | Induction: The object will have the opposite type of charge as the charging object.