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What is the effect of gravity on an object near Earth's surface?
It causes a constant downward acceleration of approximately $10 \mathrm{~m} / mathrm{s}^{2}$.
What is the effect of a constant positive acceleration on an object's velocity?
The object's velocity increases linearly with time in the positive direction.
What is the effect of a constant negative acceleration on an object's velocity?
The object's velocity decreases linearly with time, or increases in the negative direction.
What is the effect of a non-zero slope on a position vs. time graph?
It indicates that the object has a non-zero velocity.
What is the effect of a non-zero area under a velocity vs. time graph?
It indicates that the object has a non-zero displacement.
What are the differences between displacement and distance?
Displacement: Change in position, can be negative. Distance: Total path length, always positive.
What are the differences between velocity and speed?
Velocity: Rate of change of displacement, vector quantity. Speed: Rate of change of distance, scalar quantity.
How do constant acceleration and non-uniform acceleration differ in problem-solving?
Constant Acceleration: Kinematic equations can be used directly. Non-uniform Acceleration: Kinematic equations cannot be directly applied; requires calculus or graphical analysis.
Compare and contrast position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs.
Position vs. Time: Slope is velocity. Velocity vs. Time: Slope is acceleration, area under the curve is displacement.
Compare the effect of gravity on objects of different masses.
Gravity: Acceleration due to gravity is constant (approximately 10 m/s²) and does not depend on the object's mass.
What is the difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity?
Average velocity: Displacement over a time interval. Instantaneous velocity: Velocity at a specific point in time.
What is the difference between displacement and distance?
Displacement: Change in position with direction. Distance: Total length of the path traveled, regardless of direction.
Compare and contrast position vs. time graphs and velocity vs. time graphs.
Position vs. Time: Slope is velocity. Velocity vs. Time: Slope is acceleration, area is displacement.
How does the sign of acceleration relate to the direction of motion?
Positive Acceleration: Acceleration is in the positive direction, increasing velocity in that direction. Negative Acceleration: Acceleration is in the negative direction, decreasing velocity in that direction.
Differentiate between velocity and acceleration.
Velocity: Rate of change of position. Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity.