All Flashcards
What are the key differences between displacement and velocity in SHM?
Displacement: Position relative to equilibrium | Velocity: Rate of change of displacement, maximum at equilibrium.
How do velocity and acceleration differ in SHM?
Velocity: Maximum at equilibrium, zero at max displacement. | Acceleration: Maximum at max displacement, zero at equilibrium.
Compare the factors affecting the period of a mass-spring system and a simple pendulum.
Mass-Spring: Mass and spring constant. | Simple Pendulum: Length and acceleration due to gravity.
Compare displacement-time and velocity-time graphs in SHM.
Displacement-time: Sinusoidal curve, represents position over time. | Velocity-time: Sinusoidal curve, shifted by period relative to displacement.
Compare velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs in SHM.
Velocity-time: Sinusoidal curve, represents velocity over time. | Acceleration-time: Sinusoidal curve, shifted by period relative to velocity.
What is the definition of Amplitude (A)?
The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
What is the definition of Frequency (f)?
The number of oscillations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
What is the definition of Period (T)?
The time it takes for one complete oscillation.
Define Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM).
Back-and-forth motion around an equilibrium point, characterized by periodic changes in displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
What is displacement in the context of SHM?
The distance of an object from its equilibrium position at a given time.
What is Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)?
Oscillations that follow a smooth, repeating pattern (sine or cosine wave).
Define Amplitude (A) in SHM.
The maximum displacement of an object from its equilibrium position.
Define Frequency (f) in SHM.
The number of oscillations per unit time.
What is Angular Frequency (ω)?
A measure of the oscillation rate, related to frequency by ω = 2πf.
Define the Phase Constant (φ) in SHM.
Determines the initial position of the oscillating object at time t = 0.
What is Resonance?
The phenomenon where the amplitude of an oscillation increases dramatically when an external force is applied at the system's natural frequency.
What is Natural Frequency?
The frequency at which a system oscillates freely without any external force.
Define Period (T) in SHM.
The time taken for one complete oscillation.