All Flashcards
What is the effect of damage to the occipital lobe?
Damage can lead to various vision disorders, such as prosopagnosia and blindsight.
What causes nearsightedness?
The eyeball is too long, causing images to focus in front of the retina.
What causes farsightedness?
The eyeball is too short, causing images to focus behind the retina.
What causes afterimages?
Result when certain ganglion cells are activated while others are not, creating opposing color sensations.
What causes dichromatism?
Irregularities or damage to cones or ganglion cells, leading to difficulty distinguishing between red and green or blue and yellow.
What causes monochromatism?
Absence of color vision, seeing only shades of gray due to the absence of functioning cones.
What is the effect of constant exposure to a stimulus?
Sensory adaptation occurs, leading to reduced sensitivity to the stimulus.
What is the effect of damage to the cones?
Can lead to color vision deficiencies.
What is the effect of the optic nerve leaving the eye?
Creates a blind spot in the visual field.
What is the effect of rods becoming less sensitive and cones taking over?
Light adaptation occurs when moving from a dark environment to a bright environment.
Give an example of sensory adaptation.
You stop noticing the feeling of your socks after a while.
Give an example of sensory interaction.
Taste and smell combine to create flavor.
Give an example of synesthesia.
Seeing colors when you hear music.
How does Weber's Law apply to volume control?
You'll notice the difference between 10 and 11 pounds more easily than between 100 and 101 pounds.
How does sensory adaptation relate to habituation?
Sensory adaptation happens at the receptor level, while habituation is a cognitive process.
How does the opponent-process theory explain afterimages?
Afterimages result when certain ganglion cells are activated while others are not, creating opposing color sensations.
How does the brain fill in the blind spot?
The brain uses surrounding visual information to create a continuous and complete picture, filling in the gap.
How does the brain process a movie?
The brain fills in gaps to create a continuous motion, even though it's a series of still images.
How does lens accommodation work when focusing on a close object?
The lens changes shape to become thicker and more curved, allowing light from nearby objects to focus on the retina.
How does lens accommodation work when focusing on a distant object?
The lens changes shape to become thinner and flatter, allowing light from faraway objects to focus on the retina.
What is Sensation?
The process of receiving and encoding raw sensory information.
What is Perception?
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, allowing us to recognize meaningful objects and events.
What is Transduction?
The process of converting stimuli into neural signals that the brain can understand.
What is Absolute Threshold?
The minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.
What is Just Noticeable Difference (JND)?
The smallest change in a stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time.
What is Sensory Adaptation?
Reduced sensitivity to a constant stimulus.
What is Sensory Interaction?
Different senses working together to create a complete experience.
What is Synesthesia?
A condition where stimulation of one sense triggers experiences in another.
What is the Retina?
The light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye where visual information is captured.
What is Lens Accommodation?
The lens changes shape to focus light on the retina.