All Flashcards
What is the Eclectic Approach in diagnosis?
Using multiple perspectives to understand and treat a client's unique needs.
What is the main idea of the Behavioral Perspective on disorders?
Disorders arise from maladaptive learned associations.
What is the main idea of the Psychodynamic Perspective on disorders?
Emphasizes unconscious thoughts, feelings, and childhood experiences as root causes of disorders.
What is the main idea of the Humanistic Perspective on disorders?
Disorders arise when individuals lack social support and cannot fulfill their potential for growth.
What is the main idea of the Cognitive Perspective on disorders?
Focuses on maladaptive thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes as key contributors to disorders.
What is the Evolutionary Perspective on disorders?
Suggests some disorders may have evolved as adaptations but are now maladaptive in modern contexts.
What is the Sociocultural Perspective on disorders?
Emphasizes the influence of social, cultural, and environmental factors on mental health issues.
What is the Biological Perspective on disorders?
Attributes disorders to physiological or genetic factors.
What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
Disorders emerge when a genetic vulnerability (diathesis) meets significant life stressors (stress).
What are the key factors for disorder identification?
Dysfunction, distress, and deviance.
What is the effect of stigma on individuals with mental disorders?
Stigma can lead to discrimination, social exclusion, and reduced access to treatment.
How can unresolved childhood conflicts affect mental health?
Unresolved conflicts and repressed emotions can contribute to the development of psychological disorders.
What is the effect of negative self-talk on mental health?
Negative self-talk can contribute to feelings of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.
What is the effect of social support on mental health?
Lack of social support can contribute to the development of psychological disorders.
What is the effect of neurotransmitter imbalances on mental health?
Imbalances in neurotransmitters can contribute to the development of disorders like depression and anxiety.
What is the effect of cultural norms on the expression of distress?
Cultural norms can influence how individuals express distress, leading to variations in symptom presentation.
What is the effect of genetic vulnerability on the development of disorders?
Genetic vulnerability increases the likelihood of developing a disorder when combined with environmental stressors.
What is the impact of societal pressure on mental health?
Societal pressures, such as unrealistic beauty standards, can contribute to mental health issues like eating disorders.
What is the effect of traumatic experiences on mental health?
Traumatic experiences can lead to the development of disorders like PTSD and depression.
What is the effect of maladaptive relationships on mental health?
Maladaptive relationships can contribute to mental health issues like anxiety and depression.
Define 'Dysfunction' in the context of psychological disorders.
The extent to which a condition interferes with a person's ability to maintain relationships and carry out daily tasks.
Define 'Distress' in the context of psychological disorders.
The emotional pain and suffering a person experiences due to a psychological condition.
Define 'Deviance' in the context of psychological disorders.
The extent to which a person's thoughts and behaviors differ significantly from social norms.
What is the DSM?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; used in the US to categorize disorders based on specific symptoms and criteria.
What is the ICD?
International Classification of Mental Disorders; used internationally, serves a similar purpose as DSM.
Define 'Classical Conditioning'.
A type of learning where an association is made between a neutral stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.
Define 'Operant Conditioning'.
A type of learning where behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
Define 'Maladaptive thoughts'.
Thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes that are unhelpful and contribute to psychological distress.
Define 'Diathesis'.
A genetic vulnerability or predisposition to developing a psychological disorder.
Define 'Biopsychosocial Model'.
A model that recognizes that psychological problems involve a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.