Development and Learning

they are more likely to use relational aggression

they have a shorter life span

they communicate less by text message

they are less likely to suffer voter backlash

He would argue Jill cannot truly identify as lesbian without sexual experience with women.

He would suggest that sexual orientation is fluid and exists on a continuum, irrespective of physical experiences.

He would state she is confused about her sexuality due to lack of experience.

He would dismiss her self-identification entirely without any sexual experiences validating it.

Testing physical strength variations between men and women.

Observing occupational patterns among individuals who grew up in different cultural contexts with distinct gender norms.

Studying the relation between hair color and job preference.

Assessing IQ differences between genders.

Homosexuality becomes pathologized leading to stigma against non-heteronormative orientations

Cognitive dissonance arises when individuals' self-concept conflicts with societal expectations

Intersectionality examines how overlapping social identities contribute to unique experiences of discrimination or privilege often overlooked by single-axis frameworks

Exposure therapy focuses on reducing anxiety around non-conforming identities through gradual desensitization

They have no significant impact as gender identity is purely a biological construct unaffected by culture.

They determine the societal norms which can either suppress or support the recognition of non-binary identities.

They solely influence the language and terminology used to describe non-binary identities, not their acceptance.

Cultural influences are only relevant in collectivist societies that focus on group norms and values.

The environment in which the fetus is developing.

The diet and lifestyle choices of the pregnant mother.

The inheritance of the mother’s chromosome on the 23rd pair.

The inheritance of the father’s chromosome on the 23rd pair.

Humanistic perspective

Biological perspective

Psychoanalytic perspective

Cognitive-behavioral perspective

Compare self-reported gender identity with peer perceptions of gender roles at one point in time during early adolescence.

Assess gender identity at various ages while ensuring neither participants nor researchers know who belongs to which age group until after data analysis.

Conduct interviews with adolescents focusing on their experiences and feelings about societal gender roles.

Observe adolescents in a social setting to determine the prevalence of gender-normative behaviors.

Segregating LGBTQ+ students for their protection.

Implementing school-wide educational programs promoting understanding & respect towards all sexual orientations.

Punishing students who express homophobic views.

Ignoring the issue hoping it will resolve itself naturally.

It argues that sexual orientation is the sole factor influencing a person's experiences and perspectives in life.

It implies that all individuals with minority sexual orientations experience oppression in similar ways.

It suggests that people cannot identify with more than one minority group at a time.

It acknowledges that sexual orientation is experienced differently depending on other aspects of one's identity such as race or socioeconomic status.