Development and Learning

Babbling, cooing, one-word, telegraphic speech

Cooing, babbling, telegraphic speech, one-word

Cooing, babbling, one-word, telegraphic speech

Telegraphic speech, one-word, babbling, cooing

The smallest unit of meaning in a language.

The rules for combining words into phrases and sentences.

The basic unit of sound in a language.

The meaning of words and phrases.

The dog chased the ball.

She is going to the store.

They are playing in the park.

Ball the chased dog the.

Cooing

Babbling

One-word stage

Telegraphic speech

Underextension

Overextension

Overregularization

Telegraphic speech

All three children are simply mimicking incorrect speech they hear from adults.

All three errors demonstrate that children are passively absorbing language without actively constructing rules.

The first two children are applying correct grammatical rules, while the third is not.

All three errors demonstrate that children actively construct language rules, even if they sometimes misapply them.

Phonemes are the smallest units of meaning, while morphemes are the basic units of sound.

Phonemes and morphemes are the same thing; the terms are interchangeable.

Phonemes are the basic units of sound, while morphemes are the smallest units of meaning.

Phonemes are rules for word order, while morphemes are rules for combining words into phrases.

8 phonemes, 5 morphemes, 5 semantic units

12 phonemes, 7 morphemes, 5 semantic units

20 phonemes, 6 morphemes, 5 semantic units

20 phonemes, 5 morphemes, 5 semantic units

The set of rules for combining words into phrases.

The meaning of individual words.

The basic sounds of a language.

The set of rules for word order and sentence structure.

The meaning stays the same; only the word order changes.

The first sentence is grammatically incorrect.

The sentences have opposite meanings; the subject and object are reversed, changing who is biting whom.

The second sentence is a question.