All Flashcards
What are the effects of sleep deprivation?
Impaired concentration, drowsiness, weakened immune system, and increased risk of accidents.
What are the causes of insomnia?
Stress, anxiety, poor sleep habits, and underlying medical conditions.
What are the effects of REM rebound?
Increased time spent in REM sleep, leading to more vivid dreams.
What causes night terrors?
Often triggered by fever, stress, or sleep deprivation, occurring during NREM-3.
What are the effects of sleep apnea?
Frequent awakenings, daytime sleepiness, and increased risk of cardiovascular problems.
What causes narcolepsy?
Likely genetic factors combined with environmental triggers, leading to sudden sleep attacks.
How is the circadian rhythm related to jet lag?
Jet lag is caused by the disruption of the circadian rhythm when traveling across time zones.
How can understanding sleep stages help treat sleep disorders?
Identifying the affected sleep stage can help tailor treatments for disorders like insomnia or sleep apnea.
How does sleep deprivation affect cognitive functions?
Sleep deprivation impairs concentration, memory, and problem-solving abilities.
How can knowledge of REM sleep benefit students?
Understanding that memory consolidation occurs during REM sleep can encourage better sleep habits for improved learning.
How is melatonin used to treat sleep problems?
Melatonin supplements can help regulate the sleep-wake cycle and improve sleep quality.
How does the SCN regulate sleep?
The SCN responds to light, signaling the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production and regulate the sleep-wake cycle.
How do sleep studies use EEGs?
EEGs measure brain activity during sleep studies to identify sleep stages and diagnose sleep disorders.
What is the circadian rhythm?
The body's natural 24-hour cycle regulating sleep-wake patterns, body temperature, and hormone release.
What is the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)?
The control center for the circadian rhythm, located in the hypothalamus.
What is melatonin?
A hormone that increases in the evening to prepare for sleep and decreases in the morning to wake up.
What are EEGs?
Electroencephalograms used to measure brain activity during sleep.
What are beta waves?
Brain waves associated with being awake and alert.
What are alpha waves?
Brain waves associated with being relaxed but still awake.
What are theta waves?
Brain waves present during NREM-1 sleep stage.
What are delta waves?
Slow brain waves that characterize NREM-3 (deep sleep).
What are sleep spindles?
Sudden bursts of rapid brain activity during NREM-2 sleep.
What is REM sleep?
A sleep stage with rapid eye movements, high brain activity, and dreaming; also known as paradoxical sleep.
What is sleep paralysis?
Muscle paralysis that can occur if awakened during REM sleep.
What is REM rebound?
Spending more time in REM sleep after being sleep-deprived.
Define manifest content (Freud).
The actual storyline of a dream.
Define latent content (Freud).
The underlying, symbolic meaning of a dream.