All Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of the DSM-5?
To provide a standardized system for diagnosing mental disorders, ensuring consistency and reliability.
What makes a psychological condition a disorder?
It significantly interferes with daily life, affects cognition, emotion, or behavior, and is maladaptive.
What is the supernatural view of mental illness?
Mental illness is caused by supernatural forces like possession, divine wrath, or astrological events.
What is the somatogenic perspective on mental illness?
Mental illness has physiological causes, such as imbalances in bodily fluids.
What is the psychogenic view of mental illness?
Mental illness has psychological rather than physical or supernatural roots.
What is the importance of confidentiality in therapy?
It protects patient information, fostering trust; however, it can be broken if the patient is a danger to themselves or others.
What is the purpose of an insanity plea?
It's a legal defense claiming the defendant is not responsible for their actions due to a psychiatric episode.
What is the role of the APA in mental health?
The American Psychological Association (APA) publishes the DSM-5, setting diagnostic standards.
What are the key features of Anxiety Disorders?
Defined by excessive fear and worry.
What are the key features of Bipolar Disorders?
Involve both depressive and manic episodes.
What is the effect of a psychological disorder on daily life?
Significant interference with daily routines, cognition, emotions, and behaviors, leading to a reduced quality of life.
What is the effect of breaking confidentiality?
Legal and ethical repercussions, but justified when a patient is a danger to themselves or others.
What is the effect of supernatural beliefs on the treatment of mental illness?
Historically, it led to practices like trephination, aimed at releasing evil spirits.
What is the effect of somatogenic theories on treating mental illness?
Led to treatments like bloodletting and aromatherapy, aimed at restoring bodily fluid balance.
What is the effect of psychogenic theories on treating mental illness?
Focuses on psychological interventions, such as therapy, to address underlying psychological issues.
What is the effect of the DSM-5 on diagnosis?
Provides a standardized system, improving consistency and reliability in diagnosing mental disorders.
What is the effect of trauma on mental health?
Can result in Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders.
What is the effect of obsessions and compulsions on daily life?
Can lead to Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, significantly disrupting daily routines.
What is the effect of mania on behavior?
Can lead to erratic behavior and involvement in legal incidents.
What is the effect of depression on daily life?
Characterized by extreme sadness and loss of interest.
Compare supernatural and somatogenic etiologies.
Supernatural attributes mental illness to external forces, while somatogenic attributes it to physiological causes.
Compare somatogenic and psychogenic etiologies.
Somatogenic focuses on physical causes, while psychogenic focuses on psychological causes.
Compare supernatural and psychogenic etiologies.
Supernatural attributes mental illness to external forces, while psychogenic focuses on internal psychological factors.
Compare the focus of Depressive Disorders and Bipolar Disorders.
Depressive Disorders focus on sadness and loss of interest, while Bipolar Disorders involve both depressive and manic episodes.
Compare the focus of Anxiety Disorders and Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders.
Anxiety Disorders are defined by excessive fear and worry, while Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders result from traumatic events.
Compare the focus of Somatic Disorders and Eating Disorders.
Somatic Disorders focus on physical symptoms with psychological roots, while Eating Disorders are characterized by abnormal eating patterns and body image issues.
Compare the focus of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders.
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders involve obsessions and compulsions, while Dissociative Disorders involve disruptions in memory, identity, or consciousness.
Compare the treatments of Somatogenic and Psychogenic etiologies.
Somatogenic etiologies led to treatments like bloodletting and aromatherapy, while psychogenic etiologies focus on psychological interventions, such as therapy.
Compare the legal considerations for treating a patient who is a danger to themselves versus others.
In both cases, confidentiality can be broken to ensure safety, but the specific actions (e.g., contacting law enforcement) may differ based on the nature of the threat.
Compare the use of the DSM-4 and DSM-5.
The DSM-5 is the current edition, so it's important to be aware of changes from previous editions.