All Flashcards
How can the behavioral approach explain phobias?
Phobias can be seen as a result of classical conditioning (e.g., Little Albert).
How is the biological approach applied to depression?
Imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin are linked to depression.
How does the cognitive approach explain anxiety disorders?
Anxiety disorders often involve maladaptive thought patterns, such as catastrophizing.
How does the evolutionary approach explain anxiety?
Anxiety can be seen as an evolved response that helped our ancestors survive.
How does the humanistic approach explain anxiety?
Anxiety can stem from not having an environment that fosters growth and self-actualization.
How does the psychodynamic approach explain anxiety?
Anxiety can be seen as a result of unresolved childhood conflicts.
How does the sociocultural approach explain anxiety?
Expressions of anxiety can vary across different cultures.
How can diagnostic labels be empowering?
Labels can help people understand their symptoms and seek appropriate treatment.
How can diagnostic labels lead to self-fulfilling prophecies?
Individuals may start to behave in ways that align with their diagnosis.
How can the biopsychosocial approach be used to understand depression?
Depression could be due to a genetic predisposition, negative thought patterns, and a lack of social support.
Define Behavioral Approach.
Studies observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning.
Define Biological Approach.
Behavior is based on physical processes such as the brain, hormones, and chemicals.
Define Biopsychosocial Approach.
Looks at biological, psychological, and social factors to understand behavior.
Define Cognitive Approach.
Thought processes impact the way people behave.
Define Evolutionary Approach.
Uses evolutionary biology to explain human behavior and survival of genes.
Define Humanistic Approach.
Humans have free will and the ability to grow, striving to reach self-actualization.
Define Psychodynamic Approach.
Focuses on the study of the unconscious mind and past experiences.
Define Sociocultural Approach.
Studies how thinking and behavior vary across cultures and situations.
Define Self-actualization.
The process of fulfilling one's potential and achieving personal growth.
Define Stigma in the context of mental illness.
Negative attitudes, beliefs, and discrimination directed towards individuals with mental illness.
What is the effect of low serotonin levels?
Can lead to depression, according to the biological approach.
What is the effect of maladaptive thought patterns?
Can lead to anxiety disorders, according to the cognitive approach.
What is the effect of not having an environment for growth?
Can lead to anxiety and inability to reach self-actualization (Humanistic).
What is the effect of unresolved childhood conflicts?
Can lead to anxiety disorders, according to the psychodynamic approach.
What is the effect of cultural norms on behavior?
Can shape expressions of anxiety and other behaviors (Sociocultural).
What is the effect of diagnostic labeling?
Can lead to stigma, discrimination, and self-fulfilling prophecies.
What is the effect of a stressful environment on healthy individuals (Rosenhan Study)?
Their normal behavior can be misinterpreted as symptoms of mental illness.
What is the effect of genetic predispositions, negative thoughts, and lack of social support?
Increased risk of developing depression (Biopsychosocial approach).
What is the effect of classical conditioning?
Learning through associations between stimuli and responses, potentially leading to phobias.
What is the effect of natural selection?
Behaviors that promote survival are passed down through generations, such as anxiety.