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Compare Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa.
Anorexia involves severe restriction leading to being underweight, while bulimia involves binge-purge cycles and can occur at a normal weight.
Compare Schizoid and Schizotypal Personality Disorders.
Schizoid involves detachment from emotions, while Schizotypal includes eccentric thoughts and behaviors.
Compare Avoidant and Dependent Personality Disorders.
Avoidant involves low self-esteem and fear of social interaction, while Dependent involves abandonment issues and anxiety when alone.
Compare Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD).
OCD involves specific obsessions and compulsions causing distress, while OCPD is a pervasive pattern of perfectionism and control.
Explain the impact of drugs on neurotransmitters.
Drugs mimic neurotransmitters, reducing the brain's own production, leading to withdrawal symptoms.
What role does the hypothalamus play in eating disorders?
The hypothalamus regulates hunger; dysfunction can lead to uncontrolled eating in binge eating disorder.
What are the key characteristics of Cluster A personality disorders?
Eccentric behaviors and emotional disengagement.
What are the key characteristics of Cluster B personality disorders?
Dramatic, impulsive, and erratic behaviors, attention-seeking.
What are the key characteristics of Cluster C personality disorders?
Anxious and fearful behaviors, fear of rejection.
What is the main difference between OCPD and OCD?
OCPD is a personality disorder characterized by perfectionism, while OCD involves obsessions and compulsions.
What is the role of sociocultural influences in eating disorders?
Media portrayals of ideal body images can lead to body dissatisfaction and contribute to eating disorders.
How does genetic predisposition affect the risk of developing eating disorders?
Having a family history of eating disorders slightly increases the risk.
What is the primary goal of CBT in treating eating disorders?
CBT aims to address maladaptive thoughts and behaviors related to food and body image.
What is the key feature of substance use disorders?
They disrupt the brain's natural neurotransmitter production.
What is the effect of drugs mimicking endorphins?
The brain reduces its own endorphin production, leading to withdrawal symptoms when substance use stops.
What are the potential effects of anorexia nervosa?
Heart problems, bone loss, and organ damage.
What are the potential causes of eating disorders?
Negative comments about weight, competitive family environments, and societal pressures.
What is a potential sign of bulimia nervosa?
Yellowed teeth due to stomach acid exposure from repeated vomiting.
What is the impact of inflexible personality traits?
Impair personal growth and relationships.
What causes the body to become dependent on a substance?
Chemical imbalances in the brain due to the substance's effects on neurotransmitters.
What is the effect of a dysfunctional hypothalamus?
Uncontrolled eating, as seen in binge eating disorder.
What is the effect of societal pressures regarding body image?
Body dissatisfaction, contributing to the development of eating disorders.
What can result from long-term substance abuse?
Disrupted brain function, physical health problems, and social/relationship issues.
What can result from untreated personality disorders?
Significant impairment in social, occupational, and personal functioning.