All Flashcards
What is the definition of Altruism?
Unselfish acts aimed at helping others.
What is the Bystander Effect?
The more people present, the less likely any one person is to help.
What is Diffusion of Responsibility?
When responsibility is shared, individuals feel less personally accountable.
What is the Reciprocity Norm?
We help those who have helped us.
What is the Social Responsibility Norm?
We should help those in need, especially women and children.
Define Social Exchange Theory.
We weigh the costs and benefits of helping.
Explain the Bystander Effect.
Individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present. The probability of help is inversely related to the number of bystanders.
What is Diffusion of Responsibility?
A sociopsychological phenomenon whereby a person is less likely to take responsibility for action or inaction when others are present.
Describe the Reciprocity Norm.
The expectation that people will respond favorably to each other by returning benefits for favors.
Describe the Social Responsibility Norm.
An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
Explain Social Exchange Theory.
Human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewards and minimize one's costs.
What factors increase altruistic behavior?
Need, similarity, gender (towards women), observation, time (not in a rush), location (small towns), preoccupation (not distracted), guilt, and good mood.
What is the effect of the Bystander Effect on helping behavior?
The presence of more people decreases the likelihood that any one person will help.
How does diffusion of responsibility affect individual accountability?
When responsibility is shared among many, individuals feel less personally accountable.
How does feeling similar to someone in need affect helping behavior?
If someone seems similar to us, we feel more inclined to help them.
How does being preoccupied affect helping behavior?
When we're not distracted, we're more likely to notice and help.