Cognitive Psychology

Louis can remember his past, but has not been able to form new long-term memories since experiencing a brain infextion 4 years ago.

Halle has no memories of the first 10 years of her life.

William has lost his memory of the 2 weeks before he had surgery to remove a benign brain tumor.

Kalund struggles in school because he consistently misremembers what his teachers said in class

Decay theory

Retroactive interference

Cue-dependent forgetting

Proactive interference

Source amnesia fails to account for social pressures influencing false memory creation

False memories are always intentional fabrications, not errors in source attribution

Source amnesia only occurs in individuals with brain damage

All people have perfect recollection of where they learned information.

Remembering sources accurately enhances confidence even if original sources were unreliable.

Source amnesia reinforces beliefs because being unable to remember sources helps focus solely on facts.

Source amnesia makes us more likely to question our beliefs since we cannot recall where we acquired them.

Learning a piece of trivia but forgetting where or how you learned it might lead you to attribute it incorrectly.

Source amnesia creates false associations in memory lists.

Constructive process can lead to false recall or recognition.

Decay theory causes confusion in recall.

Motivated forgetting leads to imagined recall.

Interference

Repression

Retrieval failure

Decay

Retrieval cues present during recall but absent at encoding

Insufficient rehearsal or repetition

Lack of attention during initial exposure

Shallow processing of material rather than deep

Someone forgets the plot of a movie they just watched due to falling asleep halfway through.

A witness can't recall details of a crime scene after discussing it with others who saw different things.

A student cannot remember where they parked their car because they were texting while parking.

An individual has difficulty learning new passwords because old passwords keep coming to mind.

Encoding failure

Misinformation effect

Repression

Interference

False memories potentially being implanted

Violating confidentiality during group therapy

Implementing aversive conditioning without client's consent

Inaccurate intelligence testing