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  1. AP Spanish Language
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What is the significance of Italy's high public debt?

It poses a major hurdle for economic stability and growth, limiting the government's ability to invest in essential services and infrastructure.

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What is the significance of Italy's high public debt?

It poses a major hurdle for economic stability and growth, limiting the government's ability to invest in essential services and infrastructure.

What is the significance of youth unemployment in Italy?

It represents a critical social and economic challenge, leading to brain drain, social unrest, and a loss of potential economic productivity.

What is the significance of Italy's aging population?

It puts significant pressure on the pension system and the workforce, with fewer young workers supporting an increasing number of retirees.

What is the significance of the Bologna Process?

It promotes student mobility and standardization of higher education across Europe, facilitating international academic exchange and recognition of degrees.

What is the significance of Italy being a major entry point for refugees?

This geographic position places a strain on resources and infrastructure, creating social and political challenges related to integration and border management.

What is the significance of Italy's focus on tradition in education?

Reflects the country's rich history and culture, emphasizing classics, literature, and the arts to preserve and promote Italian heritage.

What is the significance of EU cooperation regarding migration in Italy?

Italy seeks assistance from the EU to manage the migration crisis, highlighting the need for shared responsibility and coordinated policies in addressing the issue.

What is the significance of Italy's strong university system?

Italian universities have a long history of contributing significantly to culture and research, fostering innovation and attracting international students and scholars.

What are reception centers in the context of Italian migration?

Government-operated centers providing basic services to migrants, though often struggling with overcrowding and limited resources.

What is the significance of centralized education system in Italy?

The national government sets educational policies and standards, ensuring consistency across the country.

What is the meaning of 'Desigualdad'?

Inequality

What is the meaning of 'Instituciones débiles'?

Weak institutions

What is the meaning of 'Infraestructura'?

Infrastructure

What is the meaning of 'Desarrollo económico'?

Economic development

What is the meaning of 'Religión'?

Religion

What is the meaning of 'Catolicismo'?

Catholicism

What is the meaning of 'Cristianismo'?

Christianity

What is the meaning of 'Sistema de salud'?

Healthcare system

What is the meaning of 'Colonización'?

Colonization

What is the meaning of 'Revolución'?

Revolution

What is the meaning of 'Socialismo'?

Socialism

What is the meaning of 'Retos económicos y políticos'?

Economic and political challenges

What is the meaning of 'Ideología'?

Ideology

What was the aim of Spanish colonization?

To spread Catholicism, which still influences education, healthcare, and social services.

What is the significance of the Cuban Revolution?

It's a key example of an ideological conflict and its profound impact on society, frequently appearing in FRQs.

How does Catholicism influence Spanish-speaking countries?

It significantly shapes education, healthcare, and social services.

What is a major economic challenge in Latin America?

High levels of income inequality, often perpetuated by elites influencing policies.

What is the impact of weak institutions on economic growth?

Weak institutions slow economic growth in young democracies.

What is the role of corruption in infrastructure development?

Corruption leads to poor infrastructure, hindering economic growth and reducing quality of life.

What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic?

It has exacerbated poverty, inequality, and famine in Spanish-speaking countries.

What challenges does Cuba face post-Soviet Union?

Economic issues due to the fall of the Soviet Union, though Cuba has adopted policies to mitigate these impacts.

What is the impact of rising Evangelical Protestantism?

It challenges the Catholic Church, leading to political competition based on religious lines.

What was a primary goal of the Cuban government after the 1959 Revolution?

To reduce poverty and inequality, and improve access to healthcare and education.