Glossary
Brote
Spanish term for outbreak, a sudden rise in the incidence of a disease.
Example:
Hubo un brote de gripe en la escuela la semana pasada.
Burbuja artificial neonatal
Spanish term for neonatal Artificial Bubble, a concept or device for supporting newborns.
Example:
La burbuja artificial neonatal podría ser crucial para la supervivencia de bebés prematuros.
CAPTCHA Codes
A system invented by a Guatemalan computer scientist to distinguish human users from automated bots online.
Example:
Before submitting the form, I had to solve a CAPTCHA code to prove I wasn't a robot.
Collectivism
A social value emphasizing the importance of the group or community over individual needs and desires, common in Latin American cultures.
Example:
In many Latin American towns, neighbors often organize community events together, showcasing their strong sense of collectivism.
Color TV
A television system capable of displaying images in color, invented by a Mexican engineer.
Example:
Watching a soccer match on a color TV makes the game much more vibrant and engaging.
Community Building
The process of strengthening connections and fostering shared values among people within a specific geographic area or group.
Example:
Organizing local festivals and neighborhood clean-ups are effective ways to promote community building.
Contemporary Life (Vida Contemporánea)
This unit explores how current lifestyles, historical context, and societal values interact to shape the modern world, especially in Spanish-speaking countries.
Example:
Understanding Vida Contemporánea helps us analyze how social media influences youth culture in Latin America.
Contraceptive Pill
A medication used to prevent pregnancy, with a key synthetic component developed by a Mexican scientist.
Example:
The development of the contraceptive pill revolutionized family planning and women's health worldwide.
Cuarentena
Spanish term for quarantine, a period of isolation to prevent the spread of disease.
Example:
Muchos viajeros tuvieron que hacer cuarentena al llegar al país.
Códigos
Spanish term for codes, often referring to digital or security codes like CAPTCHA.
Example:
Tuve que introducir unos códigos para acceder a mi cuenta en línea.
Dactyloscopy System
A method of fingerprint identification used in criminal investigations, pioneered in Argentina.
Example:
Thanks to the dactyloscopy system, police were able to identify the suspect from a single print left at the crime scene.
Desinfectante
Spanish term for disinfectant, a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria.
Example:
Usamos desinfectante para limpiar las superficies y prevenir contagios.
Economic Empowerment
A focus area in volunteer work aimed at helping individuals and families achieve financial stability and independence.
Example:
A non-profit organization might offer micro-loans to women entrepreneurs in rural areas, promoting their economic empowerment.
Education
A key area of volunteer work focused on increasing access to learning opportunities and improving educational outcomes for communities.
Example:
Volunteers often build schools or provide tutoring to children in underserved communities, emphasizing the importance of education.
El antibiótico
Spanish term for antibiotic, a medicine used to treat bacterial infections.
Example:
El médico recetó el antibiótico para combatir la infección de garganta.
El avance
Spanish term for breakthrough or advancement, a significant development or discovery.
Example:
El nuevo medicamento representa un gran avance en la lucha contra la enfermedad.
El diagnóstico
Spanish term for diagnosis, the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem.
Example:
Después de varias pruebas, el médico finalmente dio el diagnóstico de su enfermedad.
El tratamiento
Spanish term for treatment, the medical care given to a patient for an illness or injury.
Example:
El nuevo tratamiento para el cáncer ha mostrado resultados prometedores.
El virus
Spanish term for virus, an infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism.
Example:
Los científicos están investigando cómo se propaga el virus de la gripe.
Global Alliance
International cooperation and partnerships formed to address shared challenges, such as public health crises or scientific research.
Example:
The collaboration between scientists from different countries to share research data on new diseases is an example of a global alliance.
Health
A primary focus of volunteer efforts dedicated to improving access to healthcare services and promoting well-being within communities.
Example:
Medical brigades traveling to remote villages to offer free check-ups exemplify volunteer work focused on health.
La cirugía
Spanish term for surgery, a medical procedure involving incisions.
Example:
Después del accidente, el paciente necesitó la cirugía de emergencia.
La esperanza de vida
Spanish term for life expectancy, the average period that a person may expect to live.
Example:
Gracias a los avances médicos, la esperanza de vida ha aumentado significativamente en muchos países.
La huella digital/dactilar
Spanish term for fingerprint, an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.
Example:
La policía encontró la huella digital del ladrón en la ventana.
La ingeniería genética
Spanish term for genetic engineering, the deliberate modification of an organism's characteristics by manipulating its genetic material.
Example:
La ingeniería genética tiene el potencial de curar enfermedades hereditarias en el futuro.
La inyección
Spanish term for injection, a common medical procedure.
Example:
La enfermera le dio la inyección para la gripe al paciente.
La píldora
Spanish term for pill, often referring specifically to the contraceptive pill.
Example:
La invención de la píldora anticonceptiva cambió la vida de muchas mujeres.
La receta
Spanish term for prescription, a doctor's written order for medicine.
Example:
Fui a la farmacia a recoger la receta para mis nuevas gafas.
Liquid Fuel Propulsion
A foundational concept in astronautics involving the use of liquid fuels to generate thrust for rockets, first explored by a Peruvian inventor.
Example:
Modern space rockets rely on advanced liquid fuel propulsion systems to escape Earth's gravity.
Los primeros auxilios
Spanish term for first aid, immediate care given to an injured or ill person.
Example:
Es importante saber los primeros auxilios en caso de una emergencia.
Marcapasos alimentado por batería
Spanish term for battery-powered pacemaker, a medical device that regulates heart rhythm.
Example:
El paciente necesitaba un marcapasos alimentado por batería para controlar su ritmo cardíaco irregular.
Mascarilla
Spanish term for mask, a covering worn over the face to prevent the spread of germs.
Example:
Es obligatorio usar mascarilla en el transporte público.
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)
Spanish term for World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
Example:
La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) emitió directrices para el control de enfermedades infecciosas.
Pandemia
Spanish term for pandemic, a widespread global epidemic of a disease.
Example:
La pandemia de COVID-19 afectó a millones de personas en todo el mundo.
Propulsión de combustible líquido
Spanish term for liquid fuel propulsion, a method of propelling rockets using liquid fuels.
Example:
Los cohetes espaciales modernos utilizan la propulsión de combustible líquido para alcanzar grandes alturas.
Semáforos para ciegos
Spanish term for traffic lights for the blind, signals that use sound to guide visually impaired pedestrians.
Example:
Los nuevos semáforos para ciegos en la ciudad hacen que cruzar la calle sea más seguro.
Teletrabajo
Spanish term for remote working or telecommuting, working from home or a location other than the office.
Example:
Durante la pandemia, muchas empresas adoptaron el teletrabajo para sus empleados.
Tiempo de recuperación
Spanish term for recovery time, the period required for a patient to return to normal health after an illness or surgery.
Example:
Después de la operación, el tiempo de recuperación fue más corto de lo esperado.
Traffic Lights for the Blind
Sound-based traffic signals designed to assist visually impaired pedestrians in crossing streets safely, invented in Argentina.
Example:
The city installed new traffic lights for the blind at busy intersections, greatly improving accessibility.
Vaccine Development
The scientific process of creating vaccines to prevent infectious diseases, often involving rapid innovation and global collaboration.
Example:
The swift vaccine development during the recent pandemic demonstrated humanity's capacity for scientific advancement.
Vaccine Hesitancy
Reluctance or refusal to be vaccinated or to have one's children vaccinated, despite the availability of vaccines.
Example:
Misinformation spread online can contribute to vaccine hesitancy among certain populations.