First-person narration uses 'yo' (I) and allows the reader to directly experience the narrator's thoughts and feelings, creating a personal connection.

Repetition involves repeating words or phrases to emphasize an idea, create rhythm, or evoke emotion. In 'Mujer Negra,' it reinforces collective ownership.

Short verses can create a sense of urgency, emphasize individual words or phrases, and make the poem more impactful and easier to remember.

Free verse, lacking a set structure or rhyme, mirrors the theme of freedom by breaking away from traditional poetic constraints, reflecting the liberation experienced by the narrator.

Symbolism uses objects or ideas to represent something else, often a deeper meaning. For example, birds can symbolize freedom.

Imagery uses descriptive language to create vivid mental pictures, engaging the reader's senses and deepening their understanding of the poem's themes and emotions.

An unnamed narrator can represent a collective experience, making the story universal and relatable to a broader audience.

Rhetorical questions engage the reader by prompting them to think about the answer, emphasizing a point or creating a sense of introspection.

The tone conveys the author's attitude towards the subject matter, influencing how the reader perceives the poem's message and emotional impact.

Metaphors create a direct comparison between two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as,' adding layers of meaning and depth to the poem.

Mountain range in Cuba that served as a hideout for revolutionaries during the Cuban Revolution.

A barrack or large, often crude, building used to house people, especially enslaved people.

Spanish for the 20th century.

Usurers; people who lend money at unreasonably high rates of interest.

Assimilation; the process of adapting or adjusting to the culture of a group or nation.

Marginalization; the process of relegating or confining a group of people to a lower social standing or outer limit or edge of society.

Introspection; the examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes.

Free verse; poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.

Symbolism; the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.

Illusion, dream, or fantasy; something that is hoped or wished for but in fact is impossible to achieve.

Assimilation: The process of adapting or adjusting to the culture of a group or nation.

Marginalization: The process where a group or individual is pushed to the edge of a society and prevented from participating.

Resilience: The ability to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.

Barracks: A building or set of buildings used to house a large number of people, often soldiers or laborers.

Usurers: People who lend money at unreasonably high rates of interest.

Chimera: An illusion or fabrication of the mind; an unrealizable dream or hope.

Mountain range, specifically referring to the Sierra Maestra, a hideout for revolutionaries in Cuba.

Free verse: Poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.

To rebel: To resist authority or control.

To revolt: To rise in rebellion.

Capital: Wealth or resources.