Exploring One–Variable Data
If a dot plot of data shows that the majority of dots are clustered around the mean, what does this indicate about the distribution?
The distribution is bimodal and skewed.
The distribution is likely unimodal with low variability.
The distribution is uniform with high variability.
The distribution has outliers affecting the mean.
When comparing a linear regression model to a quadratic model using residual plots, which pattern would indicate that the linear model is less appropriate for the dataset?
The residuals display a clear curved pattern.
The residuals cluster tightly around the horizontal axis with no outliers.
The residuals increase steadily as the predicted values increase.
The residuals are randomly scattered without any apparent pattern.
What type of plot shows the relationship between two quantitative variables?
Pictograph
Scatterplot
Stem-and-leaf plot
Pie chart
Which type of graph would be most appropriate for displaying the distribution of a categorical variable?
Histogram
Scatterplot
Boxplot
Bar chart
What does a longer upper whisker (right-hand whisker) in a box plot indicate about the data?
The median is closer to the first quartile
The distribution is symmetric
There are potential outliers above the upper fence
The data is more spread out in the upper range
When using a scatterplot to explore the relationship between two quantitative variables, what can indicate that linear regression may not be the best model choice?
A strong positive correlation coefficient
A curved pattern in the points
Randomly scattered points around a line
Constant variance along the range of x-values (homoscedasticity)
What conclusion can often be drawn when comparing two histograms where one has wider spread but similar center compared to another?
First histogram represents less number of observations due to wider spread.
Outliers exist only in second histogram as indicated by narrower spread.
Both datasets have identical standard deviations since centers are similar.
There’s greater variability in the first histogram's dataset than in second's dataset.

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Which feature in a box plot indicates the presence of potential outliers in the data set?
Boxes that are wider than the whiskers.
Points more than 1.5 IQRs below Q1 or above Q3.
Whiskers that are not equal lengths.
A median that is not centered between Q1 and Q3.
How might interaction between variables be detected when examining parallel boxplots pertaining to test scores affected by both gender identity socioeconomic status taken together rather separately?
Altered ranking order medians quartiles socio-economic status categories appears distinctly different when subdividing male female counterparts
Scattered variation boxes fail align any discernible trend attributable simply additive contributions
Unusually high low scoring individuals also identified only certain intersectional subsets reveal relevance
Entirely separate sets outliers emerge uniquely identifying subgroup intersections
In an experiment studying reaction times under different noise levels, which graphical representation could effectively compare median reaction times across several noise conditions?
Histograms stacked on top of each other
Line graph connecting average reaction times across conditions
Side-by-side box plots
A single pie chart showing segments for each condition