Proportions
Which graph would best display the relationship between two quantitative variables?
Scatterplot
Histogram
Pie chart
Bar graph
Assuming all else equal, how does increasing the level of significance (alpha) from 0.01 to 0.05 impact a hypothesis test?
It has no impact on hypothesis testing as long as p-value remains constant across tests.
It makes it easier to reject the null hypothesis by accepting more risk of Type I error.
It reduces both Type I and Type II errors by making confidence intervals narrower.
It decreases Type II errors by making it harder to reject the true null hypothesis.
Which measure of spread is most appropriate for summarizing the variability of a distribution with strong skewness or outliers?
Range
Variance
Interquartile Range (IQR)
Standard Deviation
Which scenario would most likely result in rejecting the null hypothesis at an alpha level of 0.05 for a two-tailed test?
Larger sample size from skewed distribution, where observed effect is far from null value.
Smaller sample size from skewed distribution, where observed effect is close to null value.
Smaller sample size from normal distribution, where observed effect is close to null value.
Larger sample size from normal distribution, where observed effect equals null value.
To describe the center of a skewed distribution, which measure is typically preferred?
Median
Mode
Mean
Midrange
When a scatterplot shows a cluster of points with one point far from the others, what is the term for this distant point?
Influential point
Leverage point
Outlier
Standard deviation
In assessing whether a logistic regression model predicting whether students pass or fail an exam based on study hours is well-fitted, which diagnostic check is least relevant?
Checking for constant error variances (homoscedasticity).
Evaluating prediction success with confusion matrix results.
Inspecting calibration through observed versus predicted probabilities plots.
Assessing for influential cases with leverage or Cook's distance measures.

How are we doing?
Give us your feedback and let us know how we can improve
Which method of data collection involves selecting individuals based on a random process?
Voluntary response sample
Convenience sampling
Random sampling
Systematic sampling
For what reason might researchers choose a smaller alpha level when conducting a significance test?
To adjust calculations based on expected skewness or non-normality in the population distribution.
To compensate for larger sampling errors due to higher variance within data.
To reduce chances of mistakenly declaring statistical significance when there isn't any (Type I error).
To increase chances of detecting an actual significant effect if one exists (power).
If a Type I error is defined as rejecting a true null hypothesis, which scenario best demonstrates this error occurring during hypothesis testing?
A researcher concludes that a new drug reduces blood pressure when in fact it has no effect.
An experiment accurately identifies that a tutoring program improves test scores.
A study fails to detect the effectiveness of a diet plan that actually works.
A survey correctly reports no association between two categorical variables.