Define Classical Individualism.
Emphasis on individual freedoms, autonomy, and civic duties; limited government.
Define Modern Individualism.
Focus on self-expression and personal fulfillment; government ensures equal opportunity.
Define Formal Equality of Opportunity.
Equal access to opportunities, individual responsibility, merit-based systems.
Define Substantive Equality of Opportunity.
Equal outcomes are as important as equal access; government addresses systemic inequalities.
Define Free Enterprise (Strong Interpretation).
Limited government intervention; businesses thrive without government interference.
Define Free Enterprise (Limited Interpretation).
Government regulations protect consumers, workers, and the environment.
Define Rule of Law (Broad Interpretation).
All individuals and institutions are subject to the same laws; independent judiciary.
Define Rule of Law (Narrow Interpretation).
Protecting property rights and a stable business environment; limited government intervention.
Define Limited Government (Strict Interpretation).
Government only does what the Constitution specifically allows; smaller government.
Define Limited Government (Moderate Interpretation).
Government protects individual rights and civil liberties; active role in social justice.
What is the goal of Affirmative Action?
To address past and present systemic inequalities by providing opportunities to underrepresented groups.
What is the purpose of Minimum Wage Laws?
To ensure workers receive a basic standard of living and to reduce income inequality.
What is the goal of Deregulation?
To reduce government intervention in the economy and promote business growth.
What is the aim of Tax Cuts for Businesses?
To stimulate economic activity by increasing investment and job creation.
What is the aim of Environmental Protection Regulations?
To protect natural resources and public health by limiting pollution and regulating business practices.
What is the purpose of Head Start programs?
To provide early childhood education and support to children from low-income families, promoting substantive equality.
What do supporters of States' Rights advocate?
They advocate for lower taxes and less federal intrusion on individual lives, aligning with strict interpretation of limited government.
What is the purpose of the Civil Rights Act?
To prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, promoting equality of opportunity.
What is the purpose of the Voting Rights Act?
To protect and expand voting rights, particularly for minority groups, addressing historical barriers to political participation.
What is the aim of Contract Law?
To provide a stable business environment by enforcing agreements and protecting property rights.
Classical vs. Modern Individualism?
Classical: Freedom with responsibility, limited government. Modern: Self-expression, equal opportunity.
Formal vs. Substantive Equality of Opportunity?
Formal: Equal access, individual responsibility. Substantive: Equal outcomes, address inequalities.
Free Enterprise (Strong) vs. (Limited)?
Strong: Limited regulation, business thrives. Limited: Regulations to protect consumers/environment.
Rule of Law (Broad) vs. (Narrow)?
Broad: All subject to law, independent judiciary. Narrow: Protect property rights, stable business.
Limited Gov (Strict) vs. (Moderate)?
Strict: Constitutionally allowed, smaller government. Moderate: Protect rights, social justice.
Individualism vs. Equality of Opportunity?
Individualism: Focus on individual responsibility. Equality: Focus on addressing inequalities.
Free Enterprise vs. Limited Government?
Free Enterprise: How much should the government regulate the economy? Limited Government: Should it be hands-off or more involved?
Rule of Law vs. Limited Government?
Rule of Law: How do we balance the need for order? Limited Government: Protect individual liberties?
Classical Individualism vs. Modern Individualism on LGBTQ+ rights?
Classical: May emphasize traditional values and civic duty. Modern: Strongly supports individual choice and protection of LGBTQ+ rights.
Formal vs. Substantive Equality of Opportunity in Education?
Formal: Equal access to schools. Substantive: Addressing funding disparities to ensure equal outcomes.
