Foundations of American Democracy

They are granted exclusively to Congress.

They must be decided by a national referendum.

They are reserved for states or people.

They do not exist under U.S law.

Separation of Powers

Rule of Law

Checks and Balances

Federalism

Federalism

Republicanism

Separation of powers

Checks and balances

Sets limitations on the judiciary's authority

Establishes the framework of the federal government and outlines citizens' rights and responsibilities

Grants unlimited power to the executive branch

Determines the specific responsibilities of the legislative branch

Rise in isolationist policies

Increased executive authority

Reduction in diplomatic engagements

Decreased military spending

Creating a baseline set of federal health coverage standards while permitting states to expand beyond these minimum requirements according to their discretion.

Implementing a nationwide single-payer healthcare system controlled solely by the federal government.

Requiring all individuals to purchase health insurance under a federal mandate without any state flexibility or options.

Delegating complete authority over healthcare policy to individual states without any federal oversight or regulation.

Policies have steadily become more restrictive over time

Policies have fluctuated between restrictionist and inclusionary approaches

Policies have consistently favored skilled workers only

Policies have consistently favored refugees only

Communism

Socialism

Conservatism

Progressivism

Initial drafting and proposal of legislation for consideration in either chamber

Reconciling differences in bills passed by both chambers of Congress before final passage

Conducting investigations into issues that might lead to new legislative action

Final review and confirmation for appointments made by the executive branch

The appointment of Cabinet members solely on the advice and consent of the House of Representatives.

House originating revenue-raising measures alone.

Simultaneous sessions preventing one chamber from dominating discussion.

Senate ratification of separately chosen Presidential appointments.