Foundations of American Democracy

State Sovereignty, As The Act Could Not Force states To Accept Ownership Of Waste.

Concurrent Powers By Showing That both Levels Of Government can Regulate Radioactive waste.

National supremacy, as it Reaffirmed The Federal Government's Ultimate Authority Over states.

Enumerated Powers, as It Clarified Specific Legislative Powers Assigned To congress.

Judicial

Executive

Legislative

Bureaucratic

Eliminated direct grants-in-aid programs by declaring them coercive and unconstitutional methods for achieving policy goals.

Expanded state autonomy by preventing Congress from attaching conditions to highway funds distribution based on unrelated policies.

Affirmed conditional spending as constitutional if it serves “the general welfare.”

Restricted states' ability to challenge federally imposed conditions linked to grant money acceptance.

Established central banking system in the US.

Created a national park system in the U.S.

Abolished slavery in the U.S.

Provided voting rights to African Americans.

Federal institutions must consider international environmental treaties before domestic special interests when formulating new regulations.

Citizens' grassroots movements may gain precedence over corporate lobbyists influencing legislative outcomes regarding environment-related bills.

Special interest groups representing industries may block environmental regulations citing infringement on their constitutionally protected status.

Local communities could independently enact stringent environmental protections without interference from industrial special interest groups.

Uniformity across states in policy implementation due to stringent federal standards diminishes.

Increased responsibility for policy decisions traditionally managed at the national level shifts to individual states.

Smaller role for intergovernmental lobbies since there would be less need for advocacy at a national level.

National government's direct involvement in local matters such as education or transportation increases.

It expanded federal control by giving Congress sole power over interstate commerce.

It reduced federal regulatory ability by defining navigation as solely a state concern.

It reinforced state monopolies by limiting Congress's role in regulating trade routes.

It enhanced states' rights by allowing them to impose tariffs on out-of-state goods.

Dual Federalism

Marble Cake Federalism

Layer Cake Federalism

Cooperative Federalism

All states have uniformly banned marijuana because it's federally illegal.

Some states have legalized marijuana despite it being illegal at a federal level.

No state can legalize marijuana because it's federally illegal.

Only the Supreme Court can decide on legalizing or banning substances like marijuana in any state.

The Commerce Clause could be used as justification since it allows regulation of interstate economic activity like healthcare services.

The Tenth Amendment could be cited as it reserves powers not delegated to the federal government to the states or people.

The Full Faith and Credit Clause may be referenced regarding states' recognition of public acts like another state's health mandates.

The Supremacy Clause might be invoked as it establishes that state laws must yield to federal statutes on health care.