Branches of Government

Amend or repeal legislation

Overrule agency decisions directly

Appoint new agency heads

Issue an executive order

Brown v. Board of Education declaring segregation in public schools unconstitutional

The review of agency regulations by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA)

The creation of the Department of Homeland Security

The passage of the annual federal budget by Congress

Ensuring executive compliance with legislative intent.

Drafting new legislation for bureaucratic reform.

Delegating additional powers to federal agencies.

Reducing the overall size of the federal bureaucracy.

They led to more inclusive policies and greater representation in decision making processes within agencies.

Civil rights movements mainly impacted foreign policies rather than domestic ones like agency responsibility standards or regulations.

Civil rights movements had negligible impact on agency responsibility policies or requirements.

They restricted minority representation within bureaucracies.

Enhanced public trust in regulatory outcomes could arise from increased legislative transparency and accountability.

Greater centralization of policy-making authority within Congress could undermine the independence of regulatory agencies.

The quality of debates surrounding regulatory processes would be drastically reduced, giving more power to economic stakeholders.

A significant decrease in regulatory activity may occur due to the threat of legislative intervention in agency decisions.

It will encourage formation of additional branches of government.

It can potentially cause friction due to conflicting views on oversight and control.

It will lead to a complete merger of all governmental branches.

It will eliminate all tensions between different governmental branches.

Congressional testimony requires agency officials to defend their policies publicly but does not empower courts directly.

Judicial review allows courts to invalidate agency actions that are found incompatible with statutory mandates or constitutional principles.

Sunset provisions can lead to an agency's dissolution but do not involve judicial assessment of legality.

Executive orders can direct agencies' operations but are tools of the presidency rather than judicial accountability measures.

It blurs the lines of separation of powers by granting the executive branch adjudicative functions normally reserved for the judiciary.

It enhances legislative oversight by providing an additional mechanism for Congress to influence the execution of enacted statutes.

It has minimal effect on the balance of power since the creation of such entities is mandated legislatively, thereby preserving the primary role of the legislature in determining the scope of action.

It strengthens judicial review authority as courts deference given to agency determinations in matters pertaining to their expertise.

Reducing the number of government organizations overseeing bureaucratic operations.

Eliminating all forms of political corruption immediately.

Implementing less stringent punishments for non-compliance with regulations.

Balancing national security concerns with public information access rights.

8th Amendment

6th Amendment

5th Amendment

4th Amendment