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Compare indentured servitude and chattel slavery.
Indentured servants worked for a fixed term and had some rights, while chattel slaves were considered property for life with no rights.
Compare slavery in the Northern and Southern colonies.
Slavery was less prevalent in the North due to smaller farms and more diversified economy, while the South relied heavily on enslaved labor for plantation agriculture.
Compare overt and covert resistance to slavery.
Overt resistance involved direct acts of rebellion, while covert resistance included subtle acts of sabotage and non-compliance.
Compare the economies of the North and South regarding slavery.
The South's economy was heavily dependent on slave labor for cash crops, while the North's economy was indirectly tied to slavery through banking and shipping.
Compare the impact of slavery on African societies and the Americas.
African societies suffered immense population loss and disruption, while the Americas experienced economic growth and the development of a racial hierarchy.
Compare the legal status of enslaved people before and after the Barbados Code.
Before the Barbados Code, the legal status of enslaved people was less clearly defined; after, they were explicitly defined as chattel property with no rights.
Compare the role of tobacco and cotton in the development of slavery.
Tobacco initially drove the demand for labor in the Chesapeake, while cotton solidified the South's dependence on slavery after the invention of the cotton gin.
Compare the short-term and long-term effects of slave rebellions.
Short-term effects included brutal suppression and stricter slave codes, while long-term effects included inspiring future resistance and contributing to the abolitionist movement.
Compare the justifications for slavery based on race and religion.
Racial justifications asserted the inferiority of Africans, while religious justifications claimed slavery was a means to Christianize them.
Compare the experiences of enslaved people on small farms and large plantations.
Enslaved people on small farms often had closer interactions with their owners, while those on large plantations faced more regimented labor and less personal contact.
Who was Eli Whitney?
The inventor of the cotton gin in 1793, which significantly increased cotton production and solidified the South's dependence on slavery.
Define indentured servant.
A laborer bound by contract to work for a specified period in exchange for passage to the colonies and other necessities.
Define chattel slavery.
A system where enslaved people are considered legal property (chattel) of the owner, with no rights or freedoms.
What is the Middle Passage?
The forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
Define Triangular Trade.
A system of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, involving the exchange of goods and enslaved people.
What are Maroon communities?
Communities formed by escaped slaves in remote areas like swamps and mountains.
Define the Barbados Code.
A set of laws established in 1661 that defined slaves as chattel property with no basic rights; influential in shaping slave laws in other colonies.
Define overt resistance.
Open and direct acts of rebellion or defiance against slavery, such as revolts or escape attempts.
Define covert resistance.
Subtle and indirect acts of defiance against slavery, such as sabotage or work slowdowns.
What is racialized slavery?
A system of slavery where race is the primary determinant of who is enslaved and who is free, often accompanied by discriminatory laws and practices.
Define cash crop.
An agricultural crop grown for sale to return a profit.