All Flashcards
What was the impact of the Irish Potato Famine?
Led to mass migration of Irish immigrants to the United States due to poverty and starvation.
What was the impact of the German Democratic Revolutions?
Caused economic hardship and failed democratic revolutions, leading to German immigration to the U.S.
What was the significance of the rise of the Hudson River School?
It was the first American school of art, focusing on the power and beauty of the American landscape.
What was the effect of westward expansion on American art?
Inspired artists of the Hudson River School to capture the beauty and power of nature, sometimes with a hint of fear.
What was the impact of the rise of Nativism?
Fueled anti-immigrant sentiment, leading to discrimination and the formation of anti-immigrant societies.
What was the impact of the writings of Emerson?
Championed individual intuition and self-reliance, influencing American thought.
What was the impact of Thoreau's 'Walden'?
Exemplified the transcendentalist ideal of living in harmony with nature and advocating for simplicity.
What was the significance of Shaker ritual dances?
It was part of their unique beliefs and practices, emphasizing celibacy, community, and dance.
What was the effect of the influx of Irish and German immigrants?
Led to nativist reactions and the formation of anti-immigrant societies.
What was the impact of the rise of Transcendentalism?
Promoted individualism and self-reliance, as seen in the writings of Emerson and Thoreau.
What were the causes and effects of Irish immigration?
Cause: Potato famine. Effects: Poverty, migration, competition for low-paying jobs, involvement in local politics.
What were the causes and effects of German immigration?
Cause: Economic hardship and failed democratic revolutions. Effects: Migration, westward expansion, support for public education, nativist sentiments.
What were the causes and effects of Nativism?
Cause: Fear of job loss and cultural change due to immigration. Effects: Discrimination, anti-immigrant societies, distrust of Catholic immigrants.
What were the causes and effects of Romanticism?
Cause: European ideas of democracy, individual rights, and equality. Effects: Emphasis on emotion, imagination, and the beauty of nature in art and literature.
What were the causes and effects of Transcendentalism?
Cause: Desire to find truth within oneself and nature. Effects: Emphasis on intuition, spirituality, individualism, and self-reliance.
What were the causes and effects of Utopian communities?
Cause: Desire to create ideal communities by withdrawing from conventional society. Effects: Communal living experiments, unique beliefs and practices, eventual decline.
What were the causes and effects of westward expansion?
Cause: Desire for land and economic opportunities. Effects: Inspired artists to capture the beauty and power of nature, sometimes with a hint of fear.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of American Literature?
Cause: European ideas of democracy, individual rights, and equality. Effects: American writers began to reflect these values in their work.
What were the causes and effects of the Shaker movement?
Cause: Desire to create an ideal community based on sexual equality, communal ownership, and strict celibacy. Effects: Ritual dances, separation of men and women, forbidding of marriage, eventual decline.
What were the causes and effects of Thoreau's Civil Disobedience?
Cause: Protest against unjust laws. Effects: Inspired future movements of nonviolent resistance.
What is Nativism?
The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.
What is Transcendentalism?
A philosophical movement emphasizing intuition, spirituality, individualism, and connection to nature.
What is Romanticism?
A movement emphasizing emotion, imagination, and the beauty of nature.
What were Utopian Ideals?
The concept of creating ideal communities by withdrawing from conventional society.
What is the Hudson River School?
An American art movement that focused on painting the American landscape.
What is Civil Disobedience?
The refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest.
What is Self-Reliance?
Reliance on one's own powers and resources rather than those of others.
What is the Supreme Order of the Star Spangled Banner?
A secret anti-immigrant society formed in the 1840s.
What does intuition mean?
The ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning.
What is meant by 'Individualism'?
The habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant.