All Flashcards
Who was Alexander Hamilton?
Leader of the Federalist Party, advocated for a national bank and strong central government.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
Leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, favored states' rights and an agrarian economy; 3rd President.
Who was John Adams?
2nd President of the United States, Federalist.
Who was James Madison?
A leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, 4th President of the United States.
Who was John Marshall?
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, strengthened the power of the federal government.
Who were Lewis and Clark?
Explorers commissioned by Jefferson to map and explore the Louisiana Purchase.
Who was William Marbury?
Appointed as a justice of the peace by President Adams, his suit led to Marbury v. Madison.
Who was James Monroe?
5th President of the United States.
Who was John Quincy Adams?
6th President of the United States.
Who was Andrew Jackson?
7th President of the United States.
What was the significance of the Election of 1800?
Marked a peaceful transfer of power from the Federalist Party to the Democratic-Republican Party.
What was the Louisiana Purchase (1803)?
The U.S. bought 828,000 square miles of land from France, doubling the size of the country.
What was the Embargo Act (1807)?
Prohibited American ships from trading in foreign ports, damaging the US economy.
What was Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review.
What was McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
Supreme Court case upholding the constitutionality of the national bank and establishing implied powers.
What was Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)?
Supreme Court case protecting private contracts from state interference.
What was Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)?
Supreme Court case affirming federal control over interstate commerce.
What was Cohens v. Virginia (1821)?
Supreme Court case establishing the Supreme Court's authority to review state court decisions.
What was Worcester v. Georgia (1832)?
Supreme Court case recognizing tribal sovereignty.
What was the Abolition of International Slave Trade (1808)?
The act prohibited the importation of slaves into the United States.
Compare the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.
Federalists: Strong central government, loose interpretation, pro-business. Democratic-Republicans: States' rights, strict interpretation, agrarian focus.
Compare strict vs. loose interpretation of the Constitution.
Strict: Government limited to powers explicitly in Constitution. Loose: Government has implied powers via 'necessary and proper' clause.
Compare the Jay Treaty and the Embargo Act.
Jay Treaty: Aimed to improve relations with Britain, seen as too favorable. Embargo Act: Aimed to avoid war, devastated US economy.
Compare the economies of the North and South in the early 19th century.
North: More industrial, diverse. South: Agrarian, reliant on slave labor.
Compare Jefferson's actions with his stated political philosophy.
Jefferson advocated for limited government but expanded presidential power with the Louisiana Purchase.
Compare the presidencies of Adams and Jefferson.
Adams: Federalist, faced controversy with Alien and Sedition Acts. Jefferson: Democratic-Republican, Louisiana Purchase.
Compare the views of Hamilton and Jefferson.
Hamilton: Strong central government, industrial economy. Jefferson: States' rights, agrarian economy.
Compare the impact of Marbury v. Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland.
Marbury: Established judicial review. McCulloch: Affirmed implied powers and national bank's constitutionality.
Compare the views of Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Federalists: Supported the Constitution, strong central government. Anti-Federalists: Opposed the Constitution, favored states' rights.
Compare the effects of the First Party System and the Era of Good Feelings.
First Party System: Intense political rivalry. Era of Good Feelings: Apparent national unity, but underlying sectional tensions.