What is Social Darwinism?
Belief that the wealthy are naturally superior, justifying exploitation.
Define Settlement Houses.
Community centers providing services to immigrants.
What are Ethnic Enclaves?
Neighborhoods where people of similar ethnic backgrounds live together.
What are Tenements?
Overcrowded, unsanitary housing for the poor.
Who were Muckrakers?
Journalists who exposed urban problems.
Define Nativism.
Belief in the superiority of native-born Americans, opposing immigration.
What was the purpose of Dumbbell Tenements?
Attempted to improve tenement conditions, but still had issues.
What is acculturation?
Forced acculturation pushed immigrants to abandon their traditions.
What is the Tenement House Act of 1870?
Required windows in each bedroom and set standards for ventilation and sanitation.
Define exploitation.
Immigrants were often paid lower wages, worked longer hours, and faced dangerous conditions.
What were the causes and effects of the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Cause: Nativism and economic competition. Effect: Halted Chinese immigration.
What were the causes and effects of the National Origins Act?
Cause: Nativism and desire to limit immigration. Effect: Limited immigration based on national origin.
What were the causes and effects of Muckraker's work?
Cause: Exposing urban problems. Effect: Important changes in housing, labor, and social welfare policies.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of Social Darwinism?
Cause: Industrialization and wealth disparity. Effect: Justification of exploitation and inequality.
What were the causes and effects of Ethnic Enclaves?
Cause: Immigration and desire for community. Effect: Preservation of cultural traditions.
What were the causes and effects of Settlement Houses?
Cause: Challenges faced by immigrants. Effect: Help immigrants assimilate, learn new skills, and build better lives.
What were the causes and effects of Nativism?
Cause: Economic concerns and racial prejudice. Effect: Immigration restrictions.
What were the causes and effects of the Tenement House Act of 1870?
Cause: Overcrowding and poor sanitation. Effect: Required windows in each bedroom and set standards for ventilation and sanitation.
What were the causes and effects of exploitation of Immigrants?
Cause: Social Darwinism. Effect: Immigrants were often paid lower wages, worked longer hours, and faced dangerous conditions.
What were the causes and effects of acculturation?
Cause: Social Darwinism. Effect: Forced acculturation pushed immigrants to abandon their traditions.
Who was Jane Addams?
Founded Hull House in Chicago.
Who was Jacob Riis?
Wrote 'How the Other Half Lives,' exposing tenement conditions.
Who was Lewis Hine?
Photographed child labor and poor working conditions.
