All Flashcards
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
A steel magnate who dominated the industry during the Gilded Age.
Who was John D. Rockefeller?
An oil magnate who founded Standard Oil and controlled much of the oil industry.
Who was Cornelius Vanderbilt?
A railroad tycoon who consolidated several railroad lines.
Who was Ida Tarbell?
A muckraker who exposed the corrupt practices of Standard Oil.
Who was Upton Sinclair?
A muckraker who wrote 'The Jungle,' exposing unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.
Who was Theodore Roosevelt?
A Progressive president known for trust-busting and conservation efforts.
Who was W.E.B. DuBois?
A civil rights activist and co-founder of the NAACP.
Who was Cardinal James Gibbons?
An advocate for immigrants and workers' rights during the Gilded Age.
Who was Edward Bellamy?
Author of 'Looking Backward,' a utopian socialist novel.
Who was Dwight Moody?
A Christian evangelist during the Gilded Age.
What happened during the Gilded Age?
Rapid industrialization, urbanization, economic inequality, and political corruption occurred.
What happened during the Progressive Era?
A period of social and political reform aimed at addressing the problems of the Gilded Age.
What happened with the passage of the 17th Amendment?
Direct election of senators was established, giving citizens more control over government.
What happened with the passage of the 19th Amendment?
Women were granted the right to vote in 1920.
What was the impact of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Aimed to break up monopolies, though initially weak, it set a precedent for government regulation.
What was the impact of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
Protected consumers from unsafe products and required accurate labeling.
What was the impact of the Meat Inspection Act?
Established federal standards for meatpacking and inspection.
What was the impact of the founding of the Federal Reserve System?
Created a more stable banking system and regulated monetary policy.
What was the impact of the rise of political machines like Tammany Hall?
Led to widespread corruption and control of city politics.
What was the impact of the publication of Upton Sinclair's 'The Jungle'?
Exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry, leading to the Meat Inspection Act.
What is the definition of Laissez-faire?
A policy of minimal government intervention in the economy.
What is the definition of Muckrakers?
Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era.
What is the definition of Settlement houses?
Community centers providing services to the poor, often run by middle-class women.
What is the definition of Pragmatism?
Philosophical movement focusing on practical application of ideas, rejecting abstract theory.
What is the definition of Initiative?
A process that allows citizens to propose legislation by gathering signatures on a petition.
What is the definition of Referendum?
A process that allows citizens to vote directly on proposed legislation.
What is the definition of Recall?
A process that allows citizens to remove an elected official from office before the end of their term.
What is the definition of Trusts?
Large business combinations that sought to establish monopolies.
What is the definition of Political Machines?
Corrupt political organizations that controlled city politics through patronage and bribery.
What is the definition of Social Gospel Movement?
A religious movement that emphasized social responsibility and helping the poor.