All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of industrialization?
Causes: New technologies, availability of resources. Effects: Mass production, rise of big business, labor movements, urbanization, social inequality.
What were the causes and effects of urbanization?
Causes: Job opportunities in cities, migration from rural areas and immigration. Effects: Overcrowding, poor living conditions, rise of mass culture, social stratification.
What were the causes and effects of the Panic of 1893?
Causes: Over-speculation, deflation, railroad failures. Effects: Economic depression, unemployment, social unrest.
What were the causes and effects of westward expansion?
Causes: Desire for land, economic opportunities, Manifest Destiny. Effects: Displacement of Native Americans, conflicts, agricultural development, growth of railroads.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration?
Causes: Discrimination in the South, job opportunities in the North. Effects: Demographic shift, increased urbanization in the North, cultural changes.
What were the causes and effects of political corruption?
Causes: Greed, lack of regulation, influence of big business. Effects: Scandals, distrust in government, unfair business practices.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of labor movements?
Causes: Poor working conditions, low wages, long hours. Effects: Strikes, formation of unions, some improvements in working conditions.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of farmer's movements?
Causes: Economic hardship, high railroad rates, deflation. Effects: Formation of Grange and Populist Party, advocacy for policy changes.
What were the causes and effects of Social Darwinism?
Causes: Application of Darwin's theories to society. Effects: Justification of inequality, limited social reform, support for laissez-faire economics.
What were the causes and effects of new immigration patterns?
Causes: Economic opportunities in the US, political and religious persecution in Europe and Asia. Effects: Cultural diversity, urbanization, labor force expansion, nativism and discrimination.
What was the National Labor Union (1866)?
An early labor union that aimed for better wages, shorter hours, and worker rights.
What was the Knights of Labor (1869)?
A labor organization that tried to unite all workers, regardless of skill, advocating for a more inclusive labor movement.
What was the American Federation of Labor (1881)?
A labor federation focused on skilled workers and collective bargaining to achieve practical gains.
What was the Grange Movement (1867)?
A movement focused on education, cooperation, and political action to help farmers.
What was the Populist Party (1891)?
A political party that advocated for policies like free silver, a graduated income tax, and nationalizing railroads.
What was the Credit Mobilier Scandal?
A political scandal involving bribes to Congress for favorable railroad contracts.
What was the Panic of 1893?
A major economic downturn caused by over-speculation and deflation.
What was the Great Migration?
The movement of African Americans from the South to the North seeking better opportunities and escaping discrimination.
What was the impact of westward expansion?
Led to the forced removal of Native Americans from their lands and conflicts with other ethnic groups.
What was Tammany Hall?
A notorious political machine that controlled New York City politics through bribery and voter fraud.
What was the eight-hour workday movement?
A labor movement that fought for and achieved some success in establishing an eight-hour workday.
Who was Mark Twain?
A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.
Who was Henry James?
A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.
Who was Edith Wharton?
A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.