Causes: New technologies, availability of resources. Effects: Mass production, rise of big business, labor movements, urbanization, social inequality.

Causes: Job opportunities in cities, migration from rural areas and immigration. Effects: Overcrowding, poor living conditions, rise of mass culture, social stratification.

Causes: Over-speculation, deflation, railroad failures. Effects: Economic depression, unemployment, social unrest.

Causes: Desire for land, economic opportunities, Manifest Destiny. Effects: Displacement of Native Americans, conflicts, agricultural development, growth of railroads.

Causes: Discrimination in the South, job opportunities in the North. Effects: Demographic shift, increased urbanization in the North, cultural changes.

Causes: Greed, lack of regulation, influence of big business. Effects: Scandals, distrust in government, unfair business practices.

Causes: Poor working conditions, low wages, long hours. Effects: Strikes, formation of unions, some improvements in working conditions.

Causes: Economic hardship, high railroad rates, deflation. Effects: Formation of Grange and Populist Party, advocacy for policy changes.

Causes: Application of Darwin's theories to society. Effects: Justification of inequality, limited social reform, support for laissez-faire economics.

Causes: Economic opportunities in the US, political and religious persecution in Europe and Asia. Effects: Cultural diversity, urbanization, labor force expansion, nativism and discrimination.

A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.

A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.

A writer who focused on social issues and corruption during the Gilded Age through Realism and Naturalism.

Producing goods on a large scale using technologies like the assembly line, making products cheaper and more accessible.

A wealthy individual who controlled huge businesses and monopolies during the Gilded Age, often characterized by ruthless tactics.

Negotiation between employers and a group of employees (often through a union) to determine terms of employment.

A major policy advocated by the populist party, calling for the unlimited coinage of silver.

The application of natural selection to social and economic issues, often used to justify inequality during the Gilded Age.

Aimed to improve the human race through selective breeding. A very problematic and harmful movement.

A literary movement focusing on social issues and corruption, aiming to depict life as it truly was.

A literary movement that attempted to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study of human beings.

An 'Art for Art's Sake' movement, a reaction against materialism, emphasizing beauty and art.

An organization that controls city governments through bribery and voter fraud.

A manufacturing process where parts are added sequentially to create a finished product in a much faster way.

The increasing focus on purchasing goods and services, fueled by department stores, catalogs, and advertising.