Producing goods on a large scale using technologies like the assembly line, making products cheaper and more accessible.

A wealthy individual who controlled huge businesses and monopolies during the Gilded Age, often characterized by ruthless tactics.

Negotiation between employers and a group of employees (often through a union) to determine terms of employment.

A major policy advocated by the populist party, calling for the unlimited coinage of silver.

The application of natural selection to social and economic issues, often used to justify inequality during the Gilded Age.

Aimed to improve the human race through selective breeding. A very problematic and harmful movement.

A literary movement focusing on social issues and corruption, aiming to depict life as it truly was.

A literary movement that attempted to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study of human beings.

An 'Art for Art's Sake' movement, a reaction against materialism, emphasizing beauty and art.

An organization that controls city governments through bribery and voter fraud.

A manufacturing process where parts are added sequentially to create a finished product in a much faster way.

The increasing focus on purchasing goods and services, fueled by department stores, catalogs, and advertising.

Knights of Labor: Inclusive, aimed to unite all workers. AFL: Focused on skilled workers, collective bargaining, and practical gains.

Grange: Focused on education and cooperation. Populist Party: Advocated for political and policy changes to help farmers.

Both focused on social issues. Realism depicted life as it was. Naturalism attempted to apply scientific principles to the study of human beings.

Wealthy Elites: Lived lavish lifestyles. Working Class: Lived in poor conditions with limited access to leisure activities and opportunities.

Internal: Rural-to-urban, Great Migration. International: Immigrants from Europe and Asia. Both reshaped American society and demographics.

National Labor Union: Broad goals including worker rights and shorter hours. AFL: Focused on practical gains for skilled workers through collective bargaining.

Farmers: Organized through Grange and Populist movements to address economic hardships. Urban workers: Formed labor unions to fight for better wages and working conditions.

Credit Mobilier: Involved bribes for railroad contracts. Tammany Hall: Controlled city government through bribery and voter fraud. Both reflect political corruption during the Gilded Age.

Both were major economic downturns. The Panic of 1893 was more severe due to over-speculation and deflation, leading to widespread unemployment and unrest.

Social Darwinists: Justified inequality and opposed intervention. Social reformers: Advocated for government intervention to address social problems and inequality.

Early unions: often idealistic but less effective due to broad membership and goals. AFL: more effective due to focus on skilled workers and practical gains.

An early labor union that aimed for better wages, shorter hours, and worker rights.

A labor organization that tried to unite all workers, regardless of skill, advocating for a more inclusive labor movement.

A labor federation focused on skilled workers and collective bargaining to achieve practical gains.

A movement focused on education, cooperation, and political action to help farmers.

A political party that advocated for policies like free silver, a graduated income tax, and nationalizing railroads.

A political scandal involving bribes to Congress for favorable railroad contracts.

A major economic downturn caused by over-speculation and deflation.

The movement of African Americans from the South to the North seeking better opportunities and escaping discrimination.

Led to the forced removal of Native Americans from their lands and conflicts with other ethnic groups.

A notorious political machine that controlled New York City politics through bribery and voter fraud.

A labor movement that fought for and achieved some success in establishing an eight-hour workday.