All Flashcards
Compare "old" and "new" immigrants.
Old: Northern/Western Europe, Protestant, more skilled. New: Southern/Eastern Europe, Catholic/Jewish/Orthodox, less skilled, poorer.
Compare Ellis Island and Angel Island.
Ellis: European immigrants, New York. Angel: Asian immigrants, San Francisco, more restrictive.
Compare immigration before and after the Civil War.
Similarities: Driven by economic opportunities, large numbers of European immigrants. Differences: Pre-Civil War: Mostly Northern and Western Europe; farmers and rural people. Post-Civil War: Shift to Southern and Eastern Europe; more urban and skilled workers.
Compare the motivations for European and Asian immigrants.
Both sought economic opportunities, but Asian immigrants often faced greater discrimination and stricter immigration policies.
Compare the experiences of immigrants in urban and rural areas.
Urban: More job opportunities but also overcrowding and poverty. Rural: Fewer opportunities but potentially less discrimination.
Compare the views of nativists and immigrants.
Nativists: Feared immigrants would change American culture and take jobs. Immigrants: Sought better lives and opportunities.
Compare the impact of industrialization on immigration and urbanization.
Industrialization fueled both immigration (jobs) and urbanization (growth of cities).
Compare push and pull factors in immigration.
Push factors force people to leave their home countries, while pull factors attract them to a new country.
Compare the goals of Americanization with the preservation of ethnic enclaves.
Americanization aimed to assimilate immigrants, while ethnic enclaves sought to preserve their traditions and culture.
Compare the role of political machines in helping and exploiting immigrants.
Political machines provided essential services but also engaged in corrupt practices.
Who was Jane Addams?
A social reformer known for establishing Hull House, a settlement house that provided services to immigrants and the poor.
What were the causes and effects of the shift from "old" to "new" immigration?
Causes: Industrialization, economic opportunities, push factors in Southern/Eastern Europe. Effects: Nativism, discrimination, calls for immigration restrictions.
What were the causes and effects of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
Causes: Nativism, economic competition, racial prejudice. Effects: Banned Chinese laborers, limited Chinese immigration, increased discrimination.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration?
Causes: Racial discrimination in the South, job opportunities in the North. Effects: Increased African American population in Northern cities, cultural changes, continued discrimination.
What were the causes and effects of nativism during the Gilded Age?
Causes: Economic competition, cultural fears, racial prejudice. Effects: Immigration restrictions, discrimination, violence against immigrants.
What were the causes and effects of rural to urban migration?
Causes: More job opportunities, higher wages in cities, desire for social and cultural activities. Effects: Rapid urbanization, overcrowding, social problems.
What were the causes and effects of Americanization?
Causes: Desire to promote national unity, assimilate immigrants. Effects: Cultural loss for some immigrants, suppression of immigrant cultures.
What were the push and pull factors for immigration during the Gilded Age?
Push: Poverty, famine, persecution, political instability. Pull: Economic opportunities, jobs, freedom, family reunification.
What were the effects of the opening of Ellis Island?
Became the main entry point for European immigrants into the US, leading to a surge in immigration.
What were the effects of the Immigration Restriction League?
Pushed for stricter immigration laws and literacy tests, contributing to the rise of nativism.
What were the causes of the rise of political machines?
Rapid urbanization, influx of immigrants needing assistance, weak city governments.