Causes: Technological innovation, access to resources, and favorable government policies. Effects: Economic growth, urbanization, social inequality, and the Progressive Era.

Causes: Stock market crash, overproduction, unequal distribution of wealth, and international debt. Effects: Widespread unemployment, poverty, bank failures, and the New Deal.

Causes: Growing economic and strategic interests, the threat of global conflicts, and the desire to promote democracy. Effects: Involvement in WWI and WWII, increased global influence, and the Cold War.

Causes: Decades of activism, changing social attitudes, and women's contributions during WWI. Effects: 19th Amendment, increased political participation, and further feminist activism.

Causes: The Great Depression, widespread poverty, and the need for economic recovery. Effects: Increased government intervention, job creation, social safety nets, and long-term changes in American society.

Causes: Increased automobile ownership, desire for larger homes, and government policies promoting homeownership. Effects: Growth of suburbs, decline of urban centers, and increased reliance on cars.

Causes: Economic opportunities, political instability in Europe and Asia, and the desire for a better life. Effects: Cultural diversity, labor force growth, and social tensions.

Causes: American expansionism, Cuban struggle for independence, and yellow journalism. Effects: US acquisition of overseas territories, increased military power, and a more assertive foreign policy.

Causes: Racial tensions, competition for jobs and housing, and the return of black veterans from WWI. Effects: Increased racial violence, heightened awareness of racial inequality, and the growth of the civil rights movement.

Causes: Temperance movement, moral concerns about alcohol consumption, and the desire to reduce crime and social problems. Effects: Rise of organized crime, bootlegging, and speakeasies, leading to the repeal of Prohibition.

The process of shifting from an agrarian economy to one dominated by manufacturing and machine production.

The process of population shift from rural areas to urban centers, leading to the growth of cities.

A period of social activism and political reform in the US (roughly 1890s-1920s) aimed at addressing problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption.

A severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

A culture where social status, values, and activities are centered on the consumption of goods and services.

A foreign policy approach where a nation avoids entanglement in international alliances and conflicts.

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.

The decades-long struggle by women to achieve the right to vote in the United States.

A series of programs and projects undertaken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939 to combat the Great Depression.

A foreign policy approach that emphasizes cooperation and collaboration with multiple countries to address shared challenges and achieve common goals.

US President who implemented the New Deal programs to combat the Great Depression and led the country during WWII.

US President during WWI, known for his Fourteen Points and efforts to promote international cooperation.