Who was Earl Warren?
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, led the Warren Court, known for landmark decisions expanding individual rights.
Who was Betty Friedan?
Author of *The Feminine Mystique* and co-founder of NOW.
Who was Lyndon B. Johnson?
President who issued Executive Order 11246, requiring affirmative action.
What was Brown v. Board of Education?
Supreme Court case that desegregated schools, a cornerstone of the Civil Rights Movement.
What was Mapp v. Ohio?
Established the exclusionary rule: illegally seized evidence can't be used in court.
What was Gideon v. Wainwright?
Guaranteed the right to an attorney, even if you can't afford one.
What was Miranda v. Arizona?
Required that people be informed of their rights upon arrest (Miranda rights).
What was Baker v. Carr?
Established the principle of 'one person, one vote,' reshaping political power.
What was Engel v. Vitale?
Banned mandatory prayer in public schools.
What was Griswold v. Connecticut?
Established the right to privacy, particularly regarding contraception.
What were the Stonewall Riots?
A series of spontaneous demonstrations by members of the LGBTQ+ community in response to a police raid that began in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City.
What was Obergefell v. Hodges?
Established the right to same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015.
What was the Alcatraz Island occupation?
Occupation by AIM in 1969 to protest federal policies related to Native Americans.
Compare Title IX and the ERA.
Title IX focuses on gender discrimination in education. The ERA aimed for a constitutional guarantee of gender equality but was not ratified.
Compare the goals of the Women's Movement and the Gay Liberation Movement.
Both movements sought equality and an end to discrimination, but one focused on gender, the other on sexual orientation and gender identity.
Compare the strategies of the Civil Rights Movement and the American Indian Movement.
Both used activism and legal challenges, but AIM also employed more militant tactics like occupations.
