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  1. AP Us History
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Define 'Stagflation'.

High inflation combined with high unemployment and slow economic growth.

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Define 'Stagflation'.

High inflation combined with high unemployment and slow economic growth.

What is 'Supply-side economics'?

Economic theory that tax cuts and reduced government spending will increase private sector investment, production, jobs, and prosperity.

Define 'Keynesian economics'.

Economic theory that government spending during downturns can boost consumer income and demand.

What is 'Trickle-down economics'?

The idea that cutting taxes on the rich will produce new investment and new businesses, which will then create new jobs or raises for middle- and working-class people.

What is a 'Trade deficit'?

The amount by which the cost of a country's imports exceeds the value of its exports.

What is the 'Just Say No' campaign?

An anti-drug initiative encouraging children to reject experimenting with or using drugs by simply saying 'no'.

Define 'AIDS'.

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, a disease that weakens the immune system.

What does it mean to get 'borked'?

Having a judicial nomination turned down, often due to extreme or controversial views.

What is a 'New Democrat'?

A Democrat who pursues some conservative policies.

What is 'hate-crime legislation'?

Laws that provide enhanced penalties for crimes motivated by bias or prejudice.

What does 'gay-panic defense' mean?

A legal strategy that claims a defendant's actions were caused by sudden, uncontrollable impulse due to the victim's homosexuality.

Define 'Domestic terrorism'.

Terrorism perpetrated within a country by its own citizens against their own government or population.

What is the 'motor voter' law?

Enabled citizens to register to vote as they received their driver’s licenses.

What was the significance of the Election of 1980?

Ronald Reagan was elected, signaling a shift towards conservatism and marking the end of Carter's presidency.

What was the Economic Recovery Act of 1981?

Included a 25% decrease in personal income taxes over three years and cuts in corporate income taxes, capital gains tax, and gift and inheritance taxes.

What happened during the PATCO strike in 1981?

Reagan fired striking air traffic controllers, decertified their union, and hired replacements, asserting the government's authority.

What was the Challenger explosion?

The NASA space shuttle Challenger exploded on January 28, 1986, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

What was the significance of Bakke v. California?

The Supreme Court held that while strict racial quotas were not allowed, taking demographic factors like race into consideration was allowable as part of larger admissions processes.

What was the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1991?

Prohibited discrimination against the disabled in hiring, transportation, and public accommodations.

What was the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

A free trade plan that united the US, Mexico, and Canada into a common market without tariff barriers.

What was the 'Don't ask, don't tell' policy?

Permitted homosexuals to continue serving in the military as long as they did not reveal their sexual preference and refrained from homosexual conduct.

What was the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1996?

Decreed that states did not have to recognize same-sex marriages performed elsewhere.

What was the Kyoto Protocol?

An agreement mandating that industrialized nations cut their greenhouse gas emissions.

What happened at Columbine High School on April 20, 1999?

Two teens went on a shooting spree, killing 13 people and wounding more than 20 others before committing suicide.

What was the Brady Handgun Bill?

Mandated a five-day waiting period for the purchase of handguns.

Who was Ronald Reagan?

President of the United States from 1981-1989, known for conservative policies and supply-side economics.

Who was Jimmy Carter?

President of the United States from 1977-1981, faced stagflation and the Iran Hostage Crisis.

Who was Nancy Reagan?

First Lady who launched the 'Just Say No' campaign against drug use.

Who was Sandra Day O'Connor?

The first woman to serve on the Supreme Court, nominated by Ronald Reagan.

Who was Robert Bork?

A conservative nominee to the Supreme Court whose nomination was rejected by the Senate.

Who was William Rehnquist?

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who scaled back affirmative action and limited Roe v. Wade.

Who was George H.W. Bush?

President of the United States from 1989-1993, who signed the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Who was Bill Clinton?

President of the United States from 1993-2001, a 'New Democrat' who pursued some conservative policies.

Who was Newt Gingrich?

House Speaker who led the Republican 'Contract with America' in the 1990s.

Who was Kenneth Starr?

The special prosecutor who investigated Bill Clinton, leading to impeachment proceedings.

Who was Monica Lewinsky?

A White House intern whose affair with Bill Clinton led to impeachment proceedings.

Who was Matthew Shepard?

A 21-year-old gay college student whose fatal beating spurred calls for hate-crime legislation.