A powerful West African kingdom that engaged in trade with Portugal, gaining wealth and influence.

Another West African kingdom that prospered through trade with the Portuguese.

Traditional trade routes across the Sahara Desert, bypassed by Portuguese trade.

An agricultural system relying on large-scale production, often using enslaved labor.

The forced transportation of millions of Africans to the Americas for enslavement.

The peninsula in southwestern Europe composed of Spain and Portugal.

The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations.

The action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area.

Crossing or extending across the Atlantic Ocean.

A document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study.

A diverse gathering of people in Lisbon, including enslaved Africans, free Black residents, and Europeans.

It is a valuable primary source for understanding racial dynamics and social hierarchies in 16th-century Lisbon.

It challenges simplistic narratives about European-African interactions by highlighting the presence and varied roles of Africans in urban European settings.

It illustrates the multicultural nature of Portugal's capital during the Age of Exploration.

It shows a diverse gathering of people around a public fountain, including enslaved Africans, free Black residents, and Europeans.

It shows a diverse society with enslaved Africans, free Black residents, and Europeans interacting in Lisbon.

The artwork illustrates social hierarchies and racial dynamics in 16th-century Lisbon.