All Flashcards
What cultural aspects did Maroons and Seminoles share?
They shared culture, intermarried, and created a powerful community.
What does Gopher John's role show?
His role shows the cultural blending and alliances formed among marginalized groups.
What does Abraham's leadership highlight?
His leadership highlights the crucial intersection of African American and Indigenous histories during the Civil War.
What was the impact of racial slavery in Indigenous communities?
Codifying racial slavery created a strict social order, distinguishing between Indigenous enslavers and enslaved African Americans.
What was the impact of the erosion of kinship ties?
Black-Indigenous kinship ties were severed, and mixed-race individuals were often excluded.
What was the impact of the shift in social structures?
Traditional kinship-based structures were replaced by a system based on racial purity, excluding those of African descent.
What happened during Reconstruction?
The period after the Civil War focused on rebuilding and readmitting the Confederate states.
What does the Arkansas Petition show?
This petition shows the active pursuit of full citizenship by formerly enslaved people.
What was the impact of Indigenous adoption of slave codes?
Indigenous nations created laws similar to those in the South, restricting the rights of enslaved people.
What was the impact of slave patrols?
Armed groups monitored and captured those trying to escape, making it incredibly difficult to find freedom.
What are Maroons?
African Americans who escaped slavery and formed independent communities.
Define chattel slavery.
A system where enslaved people are legally considered personal property.
What are slave codes?
Laws enacted to regulate and control the lives of enslaved people.
Define racial hierarchy.
A system of social stratification based on perceived racial differences.
What is meant by agency?
The capacity of individuals to act independently and make their own free choices.
Define Reconstruction.
The period after the Civil War focused on rebuilding and readmitting the Confederate states.
Define kinship.
A social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
What is meant by resilience?
The ability to recover quickly from difficulties.
Define political engagement.
Involvement in activities intended to influence public policy and leadership.
Define Indian Territory.
Area in modern-day Oklahoma to which Native American tribes were forcibly relocated.
Cause and Effect: Maroons seeking freedom.
Cause: Desire for freedom from slavery. Effect: Alliance with Seminoles, resistance to relocation.
Cause and Effect: Trail of Tears.
Cause: US government policy of forced removal. Effect: Devastation for Indigenous and enslaved African American populations.
Cause and Effect: Indigenous adoption of slave codes.
Cause: Desire to maintain control and power. Effect: Restriction of rights for enslaved people.
Cause and Effect: Racial slavery in Indigenous communities.
Cause: Codifying racial slavery. Effect: Created a strict social order, distinguishing between Indigenous enslavers and enslaved African Americans.
Cause and Effect: Erosion of kinship ties.
Cause: Black-Indigenous kinship ties were severed. Effect: Mixed-race individuals were often excluded.
Cause and Effect: Shift in social structures.
Cause: Traditional kinship-based structures were replaced by a system based on racial purity. Effect: Excluding those of African descent.
Cause and Effect: Arkansas Petition.
Cause: Desire for full citizenship. Effect: Active pursuit of legal and social equality.
Cause and Effect: Collaboration between Indigenous and white enslavers.
Cause: Desire to maintain control and power. Effect: Made escape even harder.
Cause and Effect: Slave patrols.
Cause: Desire to maintain control of enslaved people. Effect: Armed groups monitored and captured those trying to escape.
Cause and Effect: Second Seminole War.
Cause: Seminoles and Maroons fought against forced relocation. Effect: Resistance to relocation.