Jazz emerged as a uniquely African American art form, expressing creativity, improvisation, and resistance to oppression.

Black vernacular English is a distinct dialect with its own grammatical rules and cultural significance, reflecting African American history and identity.

Spirituals were religious songs created by enslaved Africans, expressing faith, hope, and coded messages of resistance.

The blues is a genre of music that originated in the African American community, expressing themes of hardship, resilience, and emotional depth.

Hip hop emerged as a cultural movement that includes music, dance, art, and fashion, reflecting the experiences and perspectives of urban Black communities.

Storytelling is a vital tradition that preserves history, transmits values, and fosters community among African Americans.

A concept introduced by W.E.B. Du Bois that describes the internal conflict experienced by Black people in a racist society, seeing themselves through their own eyes and the eyes of a prejudiced white society.

Call and response is a musical pattern where a leader sings or plays a phrase (the call) and a group responds, creating a dynamic and interactive musical experience.

A network of performance venues throughout the eastern, southern, and mid-western United States that provided commercial and cultural opportunities for African American entertainers during the era of segregation.

Black churches have served as centers of spiritual, social, and political life, providing community support, leadership, and a platform for activism.

A cultural and intellectual movement in the 1920s-30s promoting a new sense of racial pride, self-expression, and activism among African Americans.

A period of flourishing Black artistic and intellectual creativity centered in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s-1930s.

A body of knowledge and thought developed by Black activists, educators, writers, and archivists, challenging dominant narratives and empowering African Americans.

An educational curriculum that primarily focuses on European history, culture, and perspectives, often marginalizing or excluding other cultures.

The study of the methods and principles used in historical research and writing.

An annual celebration of achievements by African Americans and a time for recognizing their central role in U.S. history.

The adoption or use of elements of a minority culture by members of the dominant culture, often without understanding or respecting its original context.

The belief that races have inherent and immutable characteristics that determine their behavior and abilities.

The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, creating overlapping systems of discrimination or disadvantage.

A perspective that emphasizes the importance of African history and culture in understanding the world and the contributions of African peoples.

New Negro Movement: Focused on cultural and intellectual empowerment, challenging stereotypes. | Civil Rights Movement: Focused on legal and political equality, challenging segregation and discrimination.

Assimilation: Integrating into the dominant culture, potentially losing distinct cultural identity. | Cultural Pride: Celebrating and preserving African American culture, fostering a sense of identity and community.

Black History Month: To promote the study and celebration of African American history to the general public. | Journal of Negro History: To provide a scholarly platform for research and analysis of African American history and culture.

Eurocentric: Centers European history, culture, and perspectives. | Afrocentric: Centers African and African diasporic history, culture, and perspectives.

Harlem Renaissance: Occurred in the 1920s and 1930s, focused on artistic expression and cultural identity. | Black Arts Movement: Occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, focused on political activism and Black Power.

Integration: The act of uniting or bringing together, especially people of different races. | Segregation: The action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart.

Activism: The policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change. | Complacency: A feeling of smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.

Equality: The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities. | Equity: The quality of being fair and impartial.

Knowledge: Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. | Ignorance: Lack of knowledge or information.

Racial Pride: A sense of self-respect and esteem associated with one's race. | Racial Shame: Feelings of embarrassment and humiliation associated with one's race.