All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of labor shortages in the North?
Cause: World Wars, Effect: Recruitment of Black workers from the South.
What were the causes and effects of environmental factors in the South?
Cause: Floods, droughts, boll weevil, Effect: Displacement and poverty for Black farmers.
What were the causes and effects of racial violence in the South?
Cause: Jim Crow laws, lynchings, Effect: Migration to the North for safety.
What were the causes and effects of the expansion of railroads?
Cause: Industrialization, Effect: Easier travel for migrants to the North.
What were the causes and effects of the spread of information by the Black Press?
Cause: Black newspapers like The Chicago Defender, Effect: Encouraged migration and provided information about job opportunities.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration on Southern employers?
Cause: African Americans leaving the South, Effect: Resistance to migration and attempts to keep cheap labor.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration on Black communities?
Cause: African Americans leaving the South, Effect: Connected Black communities across the country and fostered a sense of shared identity.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration on urban centers?
Cause: African Americans moving to cities, Effect: Growth of vibrant Black cultural centers and increased racial tensions.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration on the National Urban League?
Cause: African Americans moving to cities, Effect: Formation of the National Urban League to help Black migrants adjust to urban life.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Migration on the South?
Cause: Push factors (racial violence, lack of opportunity), Effect: Loss of labor, economic disruption, demographic shift.
What was the significance of Harlem?
Became a vibrant cultural hub as a result of the Great Migration.
What was the significance of Bronzeville?
Became a vibrant cultural hub as a result of the Great Migration.
What is the significance of Jacob Lawrence's Migration Series?
A series of paintings that powerfully depict the migration experience, capturing the hopes, challenges, and societal shifts of the time.
When did the Great Migration occur?
Roughly from the 1910s to the 1970s, spanning several decades.
What role did WWI play?
Created labor shortages in northern factories, leading to recruitment of Black workers from the South.
What role did WWII play?
Similar to WWI, it created labor shortages in northern factories, further incentivizing migration.
What impact did the boll weevil have?
Destroyed cotton crops, leading to economic hardship and pushing Black farmers off their land.
What happened in Southern communities?
Southern employers resisted the migration to keep cheap labor, sometimes resorting to violence.
What happened in Northern cities?
Black neighborhoods like Harlem and Bronzeville became vibrant cultural hubs.
What was the impact of railroads?
The expansion of the railway system made travel easier for African Americans migrating North.
What was the rural to urban transition?
Migrants had to adapt to city life and learn new skills, shifting from agricultural work to urban jobs.
What was the impact on racial tensions?
Increased in both the South (due to labor loss) and the North (due to increased competition for jobs and housing).
What was the role of Black Churches?
Provided support and resources to migrants in Northern cities, fostering a sense of community.