Cause: Racial violence, economic hardship in South. Effect: Transformation of American cities, new cultural hubs.

Cause: World Wars. Effect: Northern employers sought Black workers from the South.

Cause: Floods, droughts, boll weevil. Effect: Ruined crops and farms, poverty for Black families.

Cause: Racial Segregation. Effect: Violence, limited rights, hope for safety in the North.

Cause: Expansion of the railway system. Effect: Made travel easier for migrants.

Cause: Newspapers like The Chicago Defender. Effect: Spread information about jobs and encouraged migration.

Cause: Need to help migrants adjust to urban life. Effect: Provided housing, job training, and social services.

Cause: Southern employers tried to stop migration. Effect: Violence and fear for Black people trying to leave.

Cause: Migrants moving to cities. Effect: New skills, leisure activities, and community.

Cause: Migration and changing demographics. Effect: Increased tensions in both South and North.

Became a vibrant cultural hub as a result of the Great Migration.

Became a vibrant cultural hub as a result of the Great Migration.

A series of paintings that powerfully depict the migration experience, capturing the hopes, challenges, and societal shifts of the time.

An artist known for his Migration Series, which visually depicts the experiences of African Americans during the Great Migration.