All Flashcards
How do push and pull factors compare?
Push Factors: Reasons people leave (e.g., violence, poverty). Pull Factors: Reasons people are attracted (e.g., jobs, safety).
When did the Great Migration occur?
Roughly from the 1910s to the 1970s, spanning several decades.
What role did WWI play?
Created labor shortages in northern factories, leading to recruitment of Black workers from the South.
What role did WWII play?
Similar to WWI, it created labor shortages in northern factories, further incentivizing migration.
What impact did the boll weevil have?
Destroyed cotton crops, leading to economic hardship and pushing Black farmers off their land.
What happened in Southern communities?
Southern employers resisted the migration to keep cheap labor, sometimes resorting to violence.
What happened in Northern cities?
Black neighborhoods like Harlem and Bronzeville became vibrant cultural hubs.
What was the impact of railroads?
The expansion of the railway system made travel easier for African Americans migrating North.
What was the rural to urban transition?
Migrants had to adapt to city life and learn new skills, shifting from agricultural work to urban jobs.
What was the impact on racial tensions?
Increased in both the South (due to labor loss) and the North (due to increased competition for jobs and housing).
What was the role of Black Churches?
Provided support and resources to migrants in Northern cities, fostering a sense of community.
When did the Great Migration occur?
Roughly from the 1910s to the 1970s, in waves.
What role did WWI play?
Created labor shortages in northern factories, leading to recruitment of Black workers from the South.
What role did WWII play?
Created labor shortages in northern factories, leading to recruitment of Black workers from the South.
What was the impact of racial violence?
Racial violence, including lynchings and Jim Crow laws, pushed many African Americans to leave the South.
What was the impact of the boll weevil?
Destroyed cotton crops, leading to poverty and displacement for many Black farmers.
What was the impact of the Black press?
Newspapers like The Chicago Defender spread information about job opportunities and encouraged migration.
What was the impact of railroads?
Expansion of the railway system made travel easier for African Americans migrating North.
What was the effect of the Great Migration on Black businesses?
Black-owned businesses flourished in new urban centers.
What was the effect of the Great Migration on racial tensions?
Led to increased racial tensions in both the South (resistance to migration) and the North (competition for jobs and housing).
What was the impact of the Great Migration on Black culture?
Connected Black communities across the country and fostered a sense of shared identity.