A political, cultural, and literary movement (1930s-1950s) celebrating Blackness and resisting colonialism.

A movement in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean celebrating African contributions to Latin American culture.

A cultural and intellectual revival of African American arts and literature during the 1920s and 1930s.

A colonial policy aimed at integrating colonized people into the culture and society of the colonizer.

The practice of interpreting the world from a European perspective, often prioritizing European values and culture.

The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

The political and ideological resistance to colonial rule and the desire for independence and self-determination.

A political ideology promoted by Léopold Sédar Senghor based on traditional African values of community and sharing.

The dispersion of any people from their original homeland.

Focused on the African American experience, particularly the struggle against Jim Crow laws and lynching in the U.S.

It promoted the value and beauty of African culture and identity, challenging European cultural superiority.

It celebrated the African influence on Latin American culture, showcasing the vibrancy of Afro-Latin traditions.

It inspired writers to express their African identity, critique colonialism, and celebrate Black culture through poetry, essays, and novels.

It inspired artists to incorporate African rhythms, folklore, and religious traditions into their works, challenging Eurocentrism.

Afro-Cuban rhythms and music were used to celebrate Black culture and critique social inequalities.

They brought their heritage to life.

It used the rhythms and language of Afro-Cuban music to celebrate Black culture and critique social inequalities.

His works often depicted Afro-Cuban religious figures and symbols (orishas, Santería altars). His art was a visual representation of Afro-Cuban spirituality.

Négritude writers challenged the idea of white supremacy and the supposed inferiority of African cultures.

They were highlighting the richness and depth of African civilization.

Cause: European desire for resources and power. Effect: Exploitation of colonized peoples and cultural suppression.

Cause: Rejection of French assimilation and colonial oppression. Effect: Celebration of African identity and anti-colonial resistance.

Cause: Desire to celebrate African contributions to Latin American culture. Effect: Increased cultural pride and challenge to Eurocentrism.

Cause: Migration of African Americans to northern cities and a desire for cultural expression. Effect: Flourishing of African American arts and literature and inspiration for Négritude and Negrismo.

Cause: Césaire's experience with colonialism and his commitment to anti-colonial thought. Effect: A searing critique of European colonialism and its devastating impacts on colonized peoples.

Cause: Guillén's desire to celebrate Black culture and critique social inequalities. Effect: A landmark of Negrismo literature that used Afro-Cuban rhythms and language.

Cause: Lam's desire to capture the complex cultural identity of Afro-Cuban society and comment on colonialism. Effect: A powerful commentary on colonialism, slavery, and cultural resilience in the Americas.

Cause: Jones' exploration of her cultural heritage and her engagement with modernist aesthetics. Effect: A representation of a significant intersection of African and African American artistic traditions.

Cause: The desire to preserve cultural identity and resist colonial domination. Effect: The rise of movements like Négritude and Negrismo that celebrated African heritage.

Cause: The recognition that both systems oppressed Black people and exploited their labor. Effect: Solidarity movements like Négritude and Negrismo that linked the oppression of Black people to the exploitative nature of global capitalism.