Négritude: Political, anti-colonial, focused on Blackness. Negrismo: Cultural, celebrated African influence in Latin America.

New Negro: Focused on US civil rights. Négritude: Global, anti-colonial lens.

Assimilation: Adopting dominant culture. Cultural Pride: Celebrating one's own heritage.

Colonialism: Domination by a foreign power. Anti-colonialism: Resistance to colonial rule.

Césaire: Explicitly political critique. Guillén: Celebrated culture, critiqued social inequalities.

Jones: Intersection of African/African American traditions. Lam: Afro-Cuban identity and spirituality.

Senghor: Rooted in African communal values. European: Based on industrial models.

Césaire: Focus on dehumanization. Fauset: Racism and colonialism as dehumanizing.

Négritude: Foundation for postcolonial thought. Postcolonial: Broader analysis of colonial legacies.

Paris: Intellectual hub for Négritude. Caribbean: Site of Negrismo's cultural expression.

Cause: European desire for resources and power. Effect: Exploitation of colonized peoples and cultural suppression.

Cause: Rejection of French assimilation and colonial oppression. Effect: Celebration of African identity and anti-colonial resistance.

Cause: Desire to celebrate African contributions to Latin American culture. Effect: Increased cultural pride and challenge to Eurocentrism.

Cause: Migration of African Americans to northern cities and a desire for cultural expression. Effect: Flourishing of African American arts and literature and inspiration for Négritude and Negrismo.

Cause: Césaire's experience with colonialism and his commitment to anti-colonial thought. Effect: A searing critique of European colonialism and its devastating impacts on colonized peoples.

Cause: Guillén's desire to celebrate Black culture and critique social inequalities. Effect: A landmark of Negrismo literature that used Afro-Cuban rhythms and language.

Cause: Lam's desire to capture the complex cultural identity of Afro-Cuban society and comment on colonialism. Effect: A powerful commentary on colonialism, slavery, and cultural resilience in the Americas.

Cause: Jones' exploration of her cultural heritage and her engagement with modernist aesthetics. Effect: A representation of a significant intersection of African and African American artistic traditions.

Cause: The desire to preserve cultural identity and resist colonial domination. Effect: The rise of movements like Négritude and Negrismo that celebrated African heritage.

Cause: The recognition that both systems oppressed Black people and exploited their labor. Effect: Solidarity movements like Négritude and Negrismo that linked the oppression of Black people to the exploitative nature of global capitalism.

A political, cultural, and literary movement (1930s-1950s) celebrating Blackness and resisting colonialism.

A movement in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean celebrating African contributions to Latin American culture.

A cultural and intellectual revival of African American arts and literature during the 1920s and 1930s.

A colonial policy aimed at integrating colonized people into the culture and society of the colonizer.

The practice of interpreting the world from a European perspective, often prioritizing European values and culture.

The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

The political and ideological resistance to colonial rule and the desire for independence and self-determination.

A political ideology promoted by Léopold Sédar Senghor based on traditional African values of community and sharing.

The dispersion of any people from their original homeland.

Focused on the African American experience, particularly the struggle against Jim Crow laws and lynching in the U.S.