All Flashcards
Who was George Washington Carver and what was his impact?
He transformed agriculture with methods to prevent soil depletion and served as an agricultural counselor to President Theodore Roosevelt.
Who was Garrett Morgan and what was his impact?
He invented gas masks and traffic lights, improving safety and efficiency.
Who was Lewis Latimer and what was his impact?
He created longer-lasting light bulbs, contributing to widespread electrification.
Who was Otis Boykin and what was his impact?
He developed resistors used in computers and pacemakers, advancing technology and healthcare.
Who was Katherine Johnson and what was her impact?
A NASA mathematician whose calculations were essential for space travel, including the Apollo missions.
Who was Mae Jemison and what was her impact?
A physician, engineer, and first African American woman in space (1992).
Who was Mary Jackson and what was her impact?
NASA's first Black female engineer, who made significant contributions to supersonic flight research.
Who was Christine Darden and what was her impact?
A NASA data analyst and aerospace engineer, specializing in sonic boom minimization.
Who was Daniel Hale Williams and what was his impact?
He founded Provident Hospital (1891), the first Black-owned hospital in the US, and performed the world's first successful heart surgery (1893).
Who was Kizzmekia Corbett and what was her impact?
A viral immunologist, central to the development of the Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
Who was Charles Drew and what was his impact?
He revolutionized blood banking and transfusion techniques; developed methods for blood plasma storage and large-scale blood banks.
What was the Black hospital movement?
A movement in the mid-20th century to improve access to healthcare for underserved African American communities by establishing Black-owned and nonsegregated hospitals.
What was the significance of Provident Hospital's founding?
Founded in 1891 by Daniel Hale Williams, it was the first Black-owned hospital in the US, providing crucial medical services and training opportunities.
What was the impact of the Tuskegee Institute?
Founded by Booker T. Washington, the Tuskegee Institute played a vital role in training Black nurses, addressing healthcare needs in African American communities.
What was the significance of Mae Jemison's space mission in 1992?
Mae Jemison's mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour was a milestone, making her the first African American woman in space.
What was the impact of Onesimus introducing Variolation?
Onesimus, an enslaved man, introduced variolation (an early form of vaccination) to the British American colonies, helping to control smallpox.
What was the impact of the Eugenics movement?
The rise of eugenics in the early 20th century heightened stigmatization based on race and ability, leading to discrimination and forced sterilization programs targeting Black people with disabilities.
What was the impact of the ADA?
The ADA, passed in 1990, prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities, mandated accessibility requirements, and required employers to provide reasonable accommodations.
What was the impact of the National Medical Association (NMA)?
Founded in 1895, the NMA promoted the interests of Black physicians and addressed health disparities in African American communities.
What contributions did Katherine Johnson make to NASA?
Katherine Johnson's mathematical calculations were essential for space travel, including the Apollo missions.
What was the significance of Henrietta Lacks' cells?
Henrietta Lacks' cells (HeLa) have been crucial in countless medical breakthroughs, though her story also highlights ethical issues in medical research.
What did the ADA mandate?
Accessibility in public spaces, transportation, and reasonable accommodations.
What impact did the ADA have?
Built upon civil rights legislative achievements that outlawed Jim Crow.
What did the ADA prohibit?
Prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities.
What was the impact of forced sterilization programs?
Disproportionately targeted Black women, infringing on their reproductive rights.
What was the impact of Jim Crow laws?
Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.