All Flashcards
How do de jure and de facto segregation compare?
De jure: Legally mandated segregation | De facto: Segregation in practice, without legal basis.
Define Systemic Racism?
Discrimination and segregation embedded in all aspects of life.
Define De Jure Segregation?
Segregation mandated by law.
Define De Facto Segregation?
Segregation existing in practice, even without legal sanction.
What is 'White Flight'?
White families moving to suburbs and enrolling children in private schools to avoid integration.
What is the 'Separate but Equal' doctrine?
The doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that allowed segregation as long as facilities were equal.
Define Civil Rights Movement?
The push to eliminate segregation and ensure federal protection of rights for African Americans.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Amendment focused on equal protection under the law.
Define Discrimination?
Unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
Define Segregation?
The enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment.
What are the Reconstruction Amendments?
Amendments aimed to grant citizenship rights and equal protection to formerly enslaved people.
What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson?
Established 'separate but equal' doctrine, legalizing segregation; later overturned by Brown v. Board.
What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?
Overturned 'separate but equal,' declaring segregation in public schools unconstitutional based on the 14th Amendment.
What was the constitutional basis for the Brown v. Board decision?
The 14th Amendment's equal protection clause.